DIVERSIDADE SAZONAL DA FAUNA INVERTEBRADA DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES USOS E MANEJOS NO TRÓPICO ÚMIDO.

Abstract

The different uses and coverings of the soil alter the structure and the macrofauna expressions modulating as physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. This sense of the study of macrofauna merce is one of the factors responsible for the decomposition and mining of organic matter. Thus, the diversity of the fauna of the soil was evaluated under different uses and management in Tropico Humid. An experimental area is located in the municipality of Chapadinha, in Maranhão. The analysis of the invertebrate fauna made areas with sugarcane crops, alleys, elephantgrass, Tanzania grass, a cerrado species and a degraded area. In each area 5 traps were installed to collect organisms. After the collection, the material was identified and identified. For more information on Shannon-Wiener levels, Pielou Equitability and Average and Total Wealth. Subsequently, analyzes of the main components were processed for both periods. In the rainy season, 20 taxonomic groups were collected, totaling 1,228 specimens. For the dry period, 19 groups were collected. The greatest diversity was recorded for alias cultivation in the period and for native cerrado and elephant grass in the dry period, which is different and the management influence the abundance of the invertebrate fauna. The equitability had greater uniformity for aloe and sugarcane in two periods, rainy and dry respectively. The three factors in the rainy season together explained 99.98% of the original data and are related to trophic chain regulators and soil attribute modifiers. For the dry period the two factors explained 99.99% of the data variance. The analysis of the main components (PCA) explained 61.06% of the data in the PCA 1 and PCA 2 in the rainy season. In the case of difference, a PCA explained 50.3% of the original data on both axes.