As regras do jogo: neoliberalismo e contrarreforma no estado colombiano na década de 1990

Abstract

The research analyzes, under the guidance of historical materialism, counter-reforms in the Colombian State in the 1990s. Analyze from a relationship of interdependence with the economic and social transformations of Latin America and the world. This is because Colombia does not exist in isolation, and the forms of domination-accumulation that characterize the country need to be perceived in a look at their regional, national and international articulations. In this sense, we demonstrate the implementation of an economic, political and social project that the national bourgeoisie implemented, in tune with the global power groups. The Colombian state deepened its subordination to the agendas and interests of international capital. The importance of the process of development of imperialism and neoliberalism, as well as the configuration of the Colombian State in capital-imperialism in its neoliberal phase is considered; a fundamental debate for the analysis of the first wave of counter-reforms in the Colombian state (1990-1998), since they followed the accumulation paths dictated by capitalism and its new configurations. For the study and analysis, we carried out bibliographical and documentary research, mainly in the political constitution and in the development plans of the 1990s. This process allows the unveiling of the implantation of neoliberalism in Colombia, through counter-reform in the State. It can be seen that the Colombian Constitution of 1991 granted political power the necessary tools for the development of neoliberalism in the country, while maintaining a certain functionality in the constitutional order, that is, the Constitution provides the State for the regulation of its functions in economic development. Counter-reforms in the Colombian State in the 1990s fulfilled the objective of specializing the state to guarantee its functions in its organic relationship with capital. Thus, economic opening and modernization of the State have led to an increase in poverty, inequality in income distribution, high rates of unemployment and informal work, discouragement of national production, trade deficit, insecurity and social and institutional instability.