Síndrome metabólica e risco de doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres sobreviventes de câncer de mama

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of tumor and the leading cause of cancer death in women. The implementation of protocols with more intensive therapy increases in patients the probability of adverse events. Among these events are the components of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective: Verify the prevalence of MS and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in survivors of BC. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive, observational with design a cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 60 women without BC (G1) and 60 survivors of BC (G2). Data socio-demographic, tumoral, anthropometric, clinical and treatment were collected. After analysis of the variables, the participants were diagnosed as positive or negative for MS, according to criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and the stratification of the risk of developing CVD in 10 years, according to risk score of Framingham. Results: The mean age of the group G1 was 49.06 years and 48.86 in the group G2. In this case, the right breast was the most affected (60%), the most prevalent staging level was II (43.3%), 86.6% performed a complete treatment protocol and were in an average follow-up for four years. Both groups were overweight and had an increased waist-hip ratio (WHR). The variables: weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and lipoprotein low density cholesterol (LDL) showed statistically significant differences between the groups. MS was diagnosed in 32% of women in G1 and 45% in G2. In relation to the risk of developing CVD in 10 years, there was a prevalence of low risk stratification (73% of G1 and 72% of G2), with 7.48% in G1 and 7.70% in G2 the mean total risk occurrence of these CVDs. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that there is a higher prevalence of MS in CM survivors, possibly due to overweight, as well as a low risk of developing CVD in 10 years after the end of cancer treatment. Therefore, it is recommended for this public to adopt healthy lifestyles and rigorous screening and control of factors risk cardiometabolic.