Intervenções obstétricas na assistência ao parto de baixo risco numa coorte de nascimento em São Luís – MA

Abstract

With the change process that has occurred in the childbirth assistance throughout the centuries, the introduction to several procedures and techniques modified greatly the woman’s childbirth experience. The objective of this research was to analyze the use of obstetric intervention in the assistance to the usual risk childbirth in a cohort of birth in São Luís – MA. A cross sectional, epidemiological and descriptive study was done based on data extracted from the study Etiologic Factors of Preterm Birth and Consequences of Perinatal Factors in Child Health: Birth Cohorts in Brazilian Cities - (BRISA), a hospital-based study conducted in 2010 with interviews of 5,212 women. 90.3% of the women with normal risk pregnancies had undergone some obstetric intervention in the delivery care. A percentage of 41,1% of cesarean section in the studied samples was found, and for the low risk vaginal delivery it was observed that in 40,4% of the women the amniotic sac break was done, 38,6% used oxytocin during the child birthing process, and 63,3% were submitted to episiotomy. It was found that despite the recommendations based on scientific evidence, the use of interventions during childbirth and the birth of habitual risk is still high. Which makes necessary the involvement on the part of the health managers, institutions and professionals, so that the assistance to the women in labor and delivery can be guided in a natural way, seeking a change in the current interventional attention model.