Estudo e Análise de controlador para turbina eólica para injeção de energia na rede elétrica.

Abstract

This work presents a comparative study between two topologies commonly applied in small wind systems to inject power in the electric grid. The topologies analyzed are based on permanent magnets synchronous generators, which are: a topology with three-phase diode rectifier, boost converter, inverter, and a topology with back-to-back converter. To perform the comparison, it is described the mathematical modeling of the components present in these systems and the development of the controllers. A form of compensation has been proposed and implemented to mitigate the effects of computational delay since the controllers are implemented in the discrete domain. In this way it was possible to design current controllers with high bandwidth. The design of the controllers associated to the generation systems (MPPT and current control) and power injection in the network (DC bus voltage control, injected current control and PLL) are presented. The study uses the power signal feedback as MPPT strategy for maximum extraction of the kinetic energy contained in the wind. As a result, a survey of the advantages and disadvantages of the analyzed topologies, facilities and implementation difficulties, as well as the limitations of such systems is presented. From these results it can be concluded that the topology with the back-to-back converter is the most indicated in comparison to the topology with three-phase diode rectifier + boost converter + inverter for small wind systems.