Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: percepção da qualidade de vida

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders that have in common hyperglycemia, the result of defects in insulin action, insulin secretion or both. This is one of the most serious health problems in Brazil. The objective of this research was to measure the individual subjective perception of the quality of life of patients with Diabetes Mellitus through Diabetes Quality of Life Measure. For this, a cross - sectional analytical study with a quantitative approach was performed with 246 DM type 2 patients treated in São Luís / MA. Data were collected from April to June 2016. Two instruments were used to collect data, the first containing identification data with open and closed questions regarding sociodemographic and clinical variables; the second, the Diabetes Quality of Life Measure Questionnaire. In order to verify the relationship between the DQOL-Brazil scores and the sociodemographic, treatment-related and clinical variables, the tests were used to compare the variables between two groups, the Mann-Whitney test, and between three or more groups was used The Kruskal-Wallis test. The diagnosis of normality was made from the KolmogorovSmirnov test. For the statistical interpretation of results, alpha significance level lower than 0.05 was adopted in all tables and tests. Research has shown that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are satisfied with their quality of life (DQOL-Total 2,11) and the best-evaluated dimensions were impact (1.71) and socio-vocational concerns (1,57). There were associations between socioeconomic and clinical variables with some dimensions. It was concluded that there are factors related to the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that interfere in the quality of life of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The use of instruments validated as DQOL-Brazil allows a better visualization of the patient's health situation, being important an intervention Effective in the negative aspects found.