A EFICÁCIA DA ATUAÇÃO DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO DO MARANHÃO NO ENFRENTAMENTO À CORRUPÇÃO ADMINISTRATIVA A PARTIR DA ENTRADA EM VIGOR DA LEI 12.846/2013.

Abstract

Aiming to combat corruption, Brazil, like others, has ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UN), the Inter-American Convention to Combat Corruption (OAS), and the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (OECD). However, despite the fact that Brazil has played an important role in the international fight against corruption, the country has not overshadowed its image of a corrupt nation in the international scenario, and has not yet managed to break free of such image inside the country itself. According to data from São Paulo’s Federation of Industries (Fiesp), it is estimated that corruption costs Brazil between R$ 41.5 and R$ 69.1 billion per year. According to these data, this represents between 1.38% and 2.3% of Brazilian’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Among the 27 Brazilian federal units, Maranhão is placed in 26th in the Human Development Index (HDI) ranking, according to data released by the Brazilian Development Atlas until 2016. It remains clear that corruption undermines the countries’ development, as well as its Federal unities’, removing resources from areas such as education, health and public safety, those essential in order to improve the citizen’s life quality; in this context, the effective performance of the Public Ministry in the fight against corruption can serve as an instrument to improve the effectiveness of public policies and social development. In this sense, this dissertation analyzed the effectiveness of the Public Ministries Offices, which work in the defense of public patrimony and administrative probity in the capital of Maranhão, São Luís, and the cities of Imperatriz and São José de Ribamar, since February 2014 (when Law n. 12.846/2013 came into force) until December 2016, in order to obtain more precise and concrete data regarding the confrontation of administrative corruption, carried out by the Public Ministry of Maranhão, and analyzing which mechanisms of legislative control regarding corruption in public administration were used by the Public Ministry of Maranhão and, by the end, evaluating the effects of the role played by the Public Ministry of Maranhão in the fight against corruption in the State.