Análise qualitativa dos enunciados de provas aplicadas em Ciências Naturais nos anos finais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

In the current context of science education, where still prioritizes the accumulation of scientific knowledge and the reproduction of concepts and theories elaborated by scientists, the evidence is considered to be the most used tool for science teachers to collect data enabling them to assess the learning of the students after a teaching process. These for your time, if they are not developed within a perspective that allows the student to reflective thinking, will have only the purpose of collecting data on the student's ability of learning about a particular content type. The present work had as objective to draw an analytical overview of the evidence prepared by science teachers and students of the 9th year of elementary school public school, with the purpose of describing the profile of that evidence from the analysis of the statements of issues, as well as understand the interrelationships between what is planned by the teachers and the objectives of the checks required on your main instrument of evaluation in the light of the theoretical framework of Neus Sanmartí and Iván Marchán-Carvajal, based on the guidelines set out in the national curriculum for science education. The research is characterised as a documentary analysis and the methodology used was based on structuring of qualitative research, content analysis of statements of evidence. 15 participated in the research science teachers, who work in the ninth grade of elementary school education Publishes network. We analyzed the plans of ten professors and sixteen students applied evidence of ninth grade in the first quarter of 2016. The results showed that the test is an assessment instrument provided for at all levels of teachers, for your time, address issues on the topics: matter and energy: General and specific properties; The Atom; Chemical Reactions; Arranging chemical elements: periodic classification. Of these, the most representative categories were "matter and energy" and "atom", together, they represent about .75 of the issues analysed, that means almost 75% of all questions. Of the 66 issues analysed related to the content of matter and energy, 80.4% were grouped in the category. This means that most of the listed, reviewed here, is presented directly, not to bring any kind of contextualization, IE, are questions without context. Questions of this type do not allow the teacher to evaluate students ' scientific knowledge, because the stimulate the learning of scientific concepts and theories. Because they are directly related with the memorization of content issues do not present connection with the reality of the student. This can lead to a lack of interest on the part of the students, by discipline, since, after the completion of the evidence, the terms and concepts stored will be forgotten, because what happened was only a learning content devoid of meaning to the lives of students.