CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL TÉCNICA DE NÍVEL MÉDIO, NO CONTEXTO DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLÓGIA DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO

Abstract

This dissertational work aims to present the contributions of the teaching of Philosophy for high school professional-technical education in the context of Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão IFMA (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão), being Monte Castelo Campus in São Luís the place taken as reference for the research. In the first chapter, we present the correlation between work and high school professional- technical education, having as theoretical elements of analysis Marx‟s historical-dialectical approach of work, as well as the work as an educative principle in Gramsci. In the second chapter, Gramsci‟s thought is pointed out in order to think about the role of polytechnic school and the concept of being omni-sided, mediated by the dialectical conception of education and by the historical importance of Leonardo da Vinci‟s school. In the third chapter, we point out the teaching of philosophy and its political and pedagogical implications for high school professional-technical education. The focus of this reflection is the explicitness of epistemological assumptions of the teaching of Philosophy and the theoretical-methodological elements which characterize the presence of this subject in the referenced pedagogical field. The fourth chapter, which presents some methodological indications for the teaching of Philosophy in the referred context, is divided in three moments: I) Analysis of the educative conception of the Political-Pedagogical Project of São Luís Monte Castelo Campus; II) Analysis of the questionnaires and interviews applied during the field research and III) Theoretical methodological contributions for the teaching of Philosophy at IFMA. As a way of thinking contributions and clues for the educative praxis in the teaching of Philosophy, we conclude this work pointing out the challenges we found, dialectically, through the comparison with the historical contradictions presented by the contact with Philosophy teachers‟ conceptions about teaching and the speech of students, having as pedagogical-political basis the omni-sided feature of Philosophy teaching and its strategic role as a reflexive and transforming element in the capitalist society, a way of production which restricts the conception of human being to the technicality utilitarianism and the field of high school professional- technical education to the pragmatism of the market. The teaching of Philosophy must point out new looks through an educative praxis which understands the human being in his totality, in the diversity of his dimensions: psychosocial, affective, ethic, politic and esthetic, opening with that a high school professional- technical education for the historical challenges and the political commitment for the construction of a fair society in which human dignity and the relation with nature can be inalienable ethic principles.