Padronização de extrativos bioativos e identificação de Jacarada decurrens Cham

Abstract

Jacaranda decurrens Cham. (Bignoniaceae) is a plant native to the Cerrado, popularly known as carobinha, carob or carob-of-field. Biological studies have shown giardicidal activity, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic and larvicidal, being referred to the popular use in combating diarrhea, amebiasis, giardiasis, inflammations, gynecological infections, and skin disorders such as purifying the blood, indicating the presence of phenolic compounds, triterpenes and iridoid glycosides. The present study aimed to standardize extractives of leaves of Jacaranda decurrens giardicidal antioxidant potential and proven in previous studies, as parameters of quality certification. The leaves of this species were collected in São Raimundo Mangabeiras, state of Maranhão, Brazil and submitted to different extractive processes: maceration, percolation and Soxhlet with ethanol 70% (compared hydromodule 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12). Partition was held liquid / liquid leachate 1:10 hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate to obtain the fractions. The extracts and fractions were subjected to phytochemical approach; levels of polyphenols were determined using the Folin Ciocalteau, total flavonoids with aluminum chloride, the antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and evaluation giardicidal activity "in vitro" cytotoxicity by colorimetric method direct and indirect emoregando axenic strains of Giardia lamblia strain Portland-1 (ATCC30888). The profiles of the extractives were obtained by spectrometry UV / Vis, HPLC / UV / Vis and LC / MS. The results showed the presence of phenolic substances, and lack of triterpenoid steroids and alkaloids. The content of total polyphenols in the extracts and fractions ranged from 13.10 to 80.41% and flavonoids, 1.74 to 5.15%. The extracts and fractions showed antioxidant activities between EC50 ranges from 26.39 to 339.73 mg / mL. Extracts (M110, P108 and S112) were assessed giardicidal activity showed inhibitory activity against trophozoites of Giardia lamblia, and the values found between 17.10 to 18.92 ug / ml. The analysis of UV spectra showed similarities with maximum absorptions between 230 nm to 300 nm, indicating the presence of flavonoids. Analyzing the chromatograms, attributed to the percolation method in respect of 1:10 for the best extraction Jacaranda decurrens. Chromatogram obtained by HPLC / UV / Vis at a wavelength of 254 nm, it was found that the hexane fraction there was a peak coincident with the pattern of oleanolic acid with the same retention time (108.403), suggesting that this acid is one the chemical constituents of the plant. With mass spectrometry, we identified rutin, quercetin-pentosídeo-hexosídeo, quercetin-3-β-glucoside, arjunolic acid and acid-2α hidroxioleanólico. We conclude that the triterpenes (oleanolic acid) and flavonoids are likely responsible for giardicidal and antioxidant action.