Preparação e Caracterização de Cimentos à Base de Hidroxiapatita e de Galactomanana

Abstract

This research aims to prepare and characterize cement-based hydroxyapatite (Hap) and galactomannan (Gal) extracted from Adenanthera pavonina L. seed for dental use. The cement constituents were: HAp, Gal and catalysts commercials JET and LS. The Gal was extracted from the Adenanthera pavonina L seeds; while the hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized by mechanical milling of high energy planetary ball mill. Three cements were prepared: the solid phase used were 75 wt% HAp and 25 wt% Gal. The liquid phase consisted of 0.30 ml of distilled water, for HAG cement. For the solid phase HAGJET cement was the same as HAG cement and the liquid phase composed by a 0.10 mL catalyst commercial JET and 0.20 mL of distilled water. The solid phase of HAGLS cement was consists of 60 wt% HAp, the liquid phase of 40 wt% Gal solution and 0.10 mL of commercial catalyst LS. The constituent cements were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, Thermal Analysis and Infrared Spectroscopy. The cements were characterized by techniques established by ISO 6876/2001, such as setting time, flow, solubility. Furthermore, method of resonant cavity – to determine the setting time of the cements – degrees of swelling, microhardness, morphology. The data were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA with Student’s t-test (p < 0.05). Considering the results obtained in XRD, it was observed that Gal showed broad peaks characteristic of an amorphous structure and HAP showed crystalline peaks confirming the synthesis of the material. Thermal analysis confirmed the decomposition of Gal at temperatures above 300 °C and the stability of HAp. The FTIR showed characteristic bands of HAp and Gal. The formed cements have a good setting time that time was confirmed by the method of resonant cavity, and flow of according to standard ISO 6876/2001. The solubility test showed that only the HAGLS cement is within ISO standard. The HAGLS cement also exhibited lower water absorption, consequently, shows the highest hardness. The HAG and HAGLS cements show rough surface. The HAGJET cement revealed a smooth and flat surface. Those results suggest that there is potential to develop a sealer used HAp and Gal.