Rousseau para o séculoXXI: um olhar filosófico sobre a formação da cidadania a partir da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação – Nº 9394/1996

Abstract

The present research subtends an analytical comparison between the Philosophy of education of Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) and the LDBN - Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education Nº 9.394 / 1996, as to the purpose of Basic Education that is the formation of citizenship. Therefore, this research presents as main categories of analysis: citizenship, the subject of citizenship from Rousseau's perspective and the realization of this ideal through school functionality as prescribed in LDB and NCPs. The bibliographical references of this research come from the works of Rousseau (1983, 1999, 2004), Dalbosco (2011), Vernant (2009), Descartes (1996), Fortes (1997), Freitas (2003), Pissarra (2002), Almeida Júnior (2009), which will guide discussions in the perspective of Philosophy; (1999), Pinsky & Pinsky, (2015), Delors (2012), Santos (2011), Dozol (2006) and other works and authors converging on the proposed theme. We will identify J-J Rousseau's criticism of the ideal of progress in the Enlightenment perspective as a course of deconstruction and moral reconstruction from the perspective of interiority, seducing by self-experience, informal knowledge of self in relation to things and men in the social realm. We will analyze the concept of citizenship, considering rights and duties as factors inherent to the formation of civil society, necessary for the process of globalization of citizenship in the perspective of solidarity and otherness, with J-J Rousseau's political philosophy as the guiding principle for the twenty-first century. We will investigate, therefore, under the eyes of Rousseau, the formation of citizenship from the LDB, considering approximations and distances with regard to public education and the formation of citizenship in the molds of Rousseau's thinking. In this sense, we seek, through this approach, a moral and political awareness of the elementary school student having as the target of the critical-philosophical view the transversality of Ethics as the school practice that is intended for the formation of citizenship. In order to contribute to the content of this analysis, will be adopted UEB "Senator Miguel Lins", which will be constituted as a locus and corpus for documentary and curricular analysis, taking into account the school space which is, together with the transversality of the Ethics, in one of the conditioning factors of its pedagogical practices.