A trajetória docente de José do Nascimento Moraes na primeira metade do século XX

Abstract

Analyzes the teaching trajectory of José do Nascimento Moraes in Maranhão public instruction, considering the tactics that led him to become an outstanding intellectual and, above all, its performance and strategic position in the secondary school of the republican period. Seeks to contextualize the educational field in Maranhão Republic, corresponding to the period when he exercised the teaching profession in state education; describe your life since birth, his entry into Maranhense Liceu as a student and after the end of secondary school; explain his literary works and journalistic writings who talk about education, and approach your route in teaching, through the periodical press and memorialistic records. Centralizes in the field of cultural history, based on studies of Dosse (2009), Sirinelli (2003), Chartier (1988) and Certeau (1982; 2014). It uses bibliographic and documentary research, with the sources: decrees, laws and regulations on public instruction, Governor messages, crafts between ruling authorities, newspapers in which he was editor-in-chief and writer, literary works written for the intellectual, certificate primary school, diploma Masonic lodge and family members documents. It makes a brief historic foray into the Republican Brazil and its reflections in Maranhão, in two respects: education and racial doctrines that were at the center of the national intellectuality debate, making up conjunction with Gondra and Schueler (2008), Veiga (2007), Andrews (2007), Skidmore (1976), Schwarcz (1993), Diwan (2014) and Carvalho (2003). Seeks to draw aspects Moraes Nascimento's life, involving: family, education and society, confronting or conciliated with the information of Machado (1996), Meireles (1955; 2008), Moraes (1977) and Martins (2006). It Approaches his intellectual production: Puxos e Repuxos (1910), Vencidos e Degenerados (1915), Discurso (1935), as well as speeches, newspaper articles and magazines who report educational issues. Draws up the teaching route de Moraes Nascimento in Maranhão education, since the year 1907 until his retirement in the 1950s, making up conjunction with Sirinelli (2003), Certeau (2014) and Dosse (2009). This teacher was a politically engaged intellectual black, like their clashes in the journalistic press against the government or literary opponents, committed to a popular education that promotes improvement in living conditions and combating illiteracy that undermined the state. He scored visibly the existence of a group, producing and reproducing speeches of his time, the school space and its relationship with other Liceu teachers, contributing their erudition significantly to the History of Education in Maranhão, especially the training of teachers.