Desenvolvimento de um sensor para isoniazida empregando um eletrodo modificado com 2,3-Dicloro-5,6-Diciano-p-Benzoquinona e Grafeno: aplicação em formulações farmacêuticas utilizadas no tratamento da tuberculose

Abstract

The present work describes the development of a novel platform for the electrocatalysis of isoniazid (INH) employing a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) adsorbed on reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The modified electrode (GCE/OGr/DDQ) was covered with a Náfion® film to avoid the leaching out of the composite from electrodic surface. The materials rGO, DDQ and rGO/DDQ were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the analytical response of the sensor for the analyte was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometry techniques. The sensor showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for INH oxidation with a decrease in the overpotential about 660 mV vs Ag/AgCl and anodic peak current about 4 times higher than the observed response at an electrode unmodified. The increase of the reaction rate for INH was attributed to the efficient electron transfer between the studied specie and immobilized material on the surface of the GCE surface. The number of electrons determined in the INH oxidation process on the modified electrode was equal to 2. Under the optimized operational and experimental conditions, the sensor showed a wide linear range for INH from 0.5 to 380 µmol L-1 for n = 16 (r2 = 0.999); good sensibility and limit of detection equal to 0.42 µA µmol-1 L, and 0.15 µmol L-1, respectively. The proposed sensor was successfully applied for INH determination in drug samples used in the tuberculosis treatment and results obtained in studies of addition and recovery showed that the proposed method has good accuracy with recovery values between 98.46 and 101 % to INH.