Desenvolvimento de sensor eletroquímico a base de grafite poliuretana modificado Zeólita Ag-A para análise de Cl- em etanol combustível

Abstract

This work presents the development of an electrochemical sensor obtained from the modification of the polyurethane graphite composite electrode with Ag-A zeolite, an aluminosilicate of LTA structure modified with Silver, and its application in the determination of chloride ions, Cl-, in samples of Fuel ethanol. The aluminosilicates were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The obtained materials were then used as modifiers in the proportion of 10% in GPU electrodes, in order to make a comparison between the electrodes without modification and modified with Na-A and Ag-A using the technique of voltammetry of Cyclic. The results showed that the incorporation of Ag into the pores of the material promotes an improvement in the electrical and analytical properties of the electrode. The analytical response of the sensor in the determination of the Clion showed that the GPU-Ag-A electrode responds selectively to the chloride in terms of the decrease in peak current compared to the GPU or GPU-Na-A electrodes. The best response was obtained with electrodes modified with 10% Ag-A. With this percentage composition, the experimental conditions, deposition potential, deposition time, ladder potential, frequency and pH were optimized for analysis by square wave voltammetry in an electrochemical cell containing 2.0 mL of ethanol, 8.0 mL of NaNO3 1.0 mol L-1 and a Clconcentration of 2.5 × 10-5 mol L-1. The Ag-A modified sensor was then evaluated for electroanalytical determination of Clions in fuel ethanol samples presenting linear response. Good results were obtained for the detection limit (3,21 x 10-6 mol L-1), quantification limit (1.07 x 10-5 mol L-1), recovery (87%) and linearity (0.998) . Cu+2 and SO4-2 ions, present in the analysis matrix, did not present significant interference in chloride determination.