Tuberculose entre contatos domiciliares no município de Caxias-MA

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health problem in Brazil, where it occupies the 18th place in the ranking of countries with the highest rates of tuberculosis. An investigation of contacts of the person diagnosed with TB is considered essential in the prevention of illness and in the early diagnosis of active TB in the population, therefore thus, be carried out mainly by primary health care, chosen as the preferred gateway to the person with TB. The study aimed to investigate the occurrence of tuberculosis among household contacts. This is a quantitative, descriptive study performed with the household contacts of tuberculosis of in the city of Caxias - MA. The study sample was composed by 64 household contacts of patients reported as a case of tuberculosis, in the period January to December 2015. Data collection occurred from April to May 2016. The incidence rate of the disease among contacts it was around 4.7%. Observed higher percentage with monthly income between one to two minimum salaries (78.7%), female (57.4%), age group 20-39 years (32.8%), brown (80.4%), single (54.1%), incomplete primary education (36.1%), and first degree relatives with the index case (62.3%). When analyzed household contacts diagnosed with the disease was observed monthly income below a minimum salary (66.7%), female (66.7%), age group 20-39 years (33.4%), white (66.7%), married / stable union (100%), complete primary education (66.7%) and the degree of non-blood relatives prevailed in all contacts (100%). With respect to the patient contact convivial time with the index case, it was observed that (66.7%) were between 06-10 years of convival. With regard the clinical form of the disease, a large percentage of contacts with diagnosis of the disease (66.7%) had pulmonary TB. By the results obtained it was possible find that the incidence of tuberculosis found among household contacts deserves better attention, because, the surveillance of contacts is an important strategy for the reduction of cases of the disease. It is expected that the results observed in this study can be used by the municipal administration, in view of that all contacts should be evaluated, thus, strengthening existing activities and creating new strategies to achieve better results.