Acolhimento na estratégia saúde da família: conhecimentos e práticas dos enfermeiros

Abstract

The user embracement at the National Humanization Policy (NHP) is defined as a process that is part of the productive and promotional practices of health, including accountability of the employee/team by the system user, committing to it since its arrival until its output, from qualified listening, listening to their complaints, concerns and distresses. The objectives of the study were to identify the knowledge about user embracement among nurses who work at the Family Health Strategy (FHS), to know the user embracement practices from their experiences and characterize them as regards at socioeconomic and demographic profile. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study with thirteen nurses from the FHS in the city of Caxias (MA). The data collection occurred from January to April 2016. Gave up through individual interviews, the semi-structured type, which were recorded on digital audio device and later transcribed. Being analyzed through thematic analysis of Bardin, taking into account the relevance ethics, aesthetics and user embracement policy in NHP. The analysis of speeches revealed three categories: relational conception, assistance conception and lived experience. Of the second category, emerged two subcategories: facing the problems and looking at the priorities. Of the third category emanate three subcategories: user interaction, overcoming the difficulties and limitations in the user embracement. With respect to the category overcoming the difficulties still arose two secondary subcategories: qualifying the team and facilitating access. Analysis of the results showed that nurses understand the user embracement as an attitude of welcoming, listening, paying attention, create link, among others. Another concept that emerged was the sense of hearing to understand the problems, trying to solve them, giving proper direction to each case. The third perception of the user embracement that was seized was to make the screening of attendent, setting priorities, a limited view of the same. The practices of nurses have been hearing the users, trying to solve their problems facilitating access to consultations where necessary and making meetings and training with the team. In their experiences, they encounter many difficulties in the practice of the user embracement, such as inadequate physical infrastructure, lack of materials, supplies, equipment, and trained human resources in sufficient quantity to meet the real needs of health services. The analysis of the categories and subcategories showed that the relevance ethics, aesthetics and user embracement policy were present in the concepts and practices of nurses. However, many times, the first two were affected by deficiencies as demonstrated in the management scope, compromising the political relevance. Therefore, it is essential that professionals, users and managers participate in shared spaces for discussion, so that they can think about strategies to overcome the challenges of providing a user embracement satisfactory to users of the Unified Health System (SUS).