Prevalência de polifarmácia em pacientes hipertensos e/ou diabéticos em São Luís

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are among the most prevalent chronic diseases in Brazil and are considered important public health problem and are responsible for heavy costs for countries, due to the high consumption of medicines and hospital admissions. The objective of this study is to Characterize the use of polypharmacy and associated factors in hypertensive and diabetic, assisted by the Health Strategy of the Family. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, focused on achieving more cost-effective therapeutic results for the health of participants. The sample was not probabilistic and comprised 171 patients, both genders, above 18 years and patients with hypertension and /or DM, linked to a Basic Health Unit of São Luís, BR. Results: The study showed a female predominance (69.59%), self-declared brown color (56.14%), average age of 60.53 (± 11.41) years, with the most prevalent age group of 61-70 years (34.50%), incomplete primary education (47.37%), household income of ½ to 1 minimum wage salary (44.44%) and married (38.59%) and also indicated increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk. It was also produced a list of 85 drugs in use, with an average of 5.31 (± 11.56), where most of the population uses 1-4 drugs 88.88% with daily intaking of 1 to 4 times (84.79%), most of them purchase the product (49.12%). The most prevalent drugs were: Losartan 74.11%, 67.05% metformin, glibenclamide HCTZ 55.65% and 44.18%. The study also included 19 (11.11%) polymedicated, of these, 11 (9.6%) are non-adherent and 10 (33.33%) take 5-8 medications per day, and 14 (16.1%) do not consider themselves healthy. The most significant IMC in this study was 18-25 kg / m² with 11 (14.5%). Discussion: The knowledge of sociodemographic characteristics and health, community health indicators and their priority needs is important to draw health action steps that become safe and cost effective treatment in patients on polypharmacy. Conclusion: Knowing the profile of these users is critical to adjust the services offered and develop cost-effective measures to respond positively to their major requirements, improving services to the population, reducing the morbidity and mortality rates and increasing the quality of life.