Associação de dados clínicos e métodos não invasivos na detecção de aterosclerose no climatério

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and in Brazil. Women from the climateric have increased cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis. Evaluation methods of noninvasive atherosclerosis are important to detect early changes. Objectives: compare the methods intima-media thickness of the carotid, ankle brachial index, scores of risk stratification and Framingham Global Risk Score with coronary angiography for detection of atherosclerosis in the climacteric. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 51 climacteric women undergoing coronary angiography, the Hemodynamic Service of the University Hospital of Federal University of Maranhão, covering the period from January to December 2013. It was performed coronary angiography for medical evaluation and was considered normal, examination with obstructive lesion <29% of stenosis. We collected sociodemographic and health information, laboratory tests including ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, carotid ultrasound and ankle-brachial index were performed. We applied the Framingham risk score, score of overall risk, and we evaluated the presence of metabolic syndrome. The sample was divided into two groups by the presence or absence of coronary artery disease. We analyzed the data with the Fisher exact test or chi-square and Mann-Whitney or Test-t, with p <0.05%. Results: Thirty-five percent of participants had confirmed coronary artery disease. There was an association between coronary artery disease and ankle brachial index, p value = 0.004, there was no association between carotid intimal media thickness, C-reactive protein and metabolic syndrome with coronary artery disease. In the assessment by Framingham risk score were predominant findings in low-risk (94.12%) and average risk (5.88%), the overall risk score that included the aggravating risk factors ranked (72.55%) in high risk (21.57%) at average risk, and (5.88%) at low risk. Conclusion: In this population there was association between the change in ankle brachial index and the presence of coronary artery disease.