Mortalidade infantil em São Luis, MA, no ano de 2010

Abstract

Introduction: Higher than the national average and regional levels, the infant mortality rate in São Luís still shows the early neonatal and post neonatal components, and its decrease has occurred more slowly in the south, southeast and northeast. The present study aims to estimate rates, and to identify factors associated with infant mortality in São Luís, MA, in 2010. Methodology: This is a transversal study which identified all deaths of live births occurring in the period from January to June 2010, the death certificates of the SIM, the Municipal Health Secretary of São Luís. Infant mortality was divided in early neonatal, late neonatal and post-neonatal mortality, and the studied variables were: sex, birth weight, mother’s age, child's age, length of gestation, type of birth, place of death, basic cause of death. The selection of the basic cause of death was carried out according to the WHO criteria for classification of infant mortality and tabulated according to the 10th. CID review. The causes were divided into five major groups: perinatal causes, congenital anomalies, pneumonias, diarrheas and others. Results: It was evaluate 126 death certificates in the period from January to June, 2010. The infant mortality rate for the period studied was 14.75 per thousand, 65 in the early neonatal period, 19 late neonatal and 42 in the post-neonatal period. Related to maternal age, 20.6% had less than 19 years, 75% from 19 to less than 35 years and 5.5% over 35 years. About the weight, 35% had weight below 1000g, 27.2% had weight between 1000g and less than 2500g and 29.3%, more than 2500g. The gestational age, 48.4% had less than 22-36 weeks and 35.7% 37-41 weeks, and 10.31%, less than 22 weeks. Vaginal delivery was predominant 62.7%. Causes: DMH (31%), neonatal infection (28%) and malformations (24%). Conclusion: The early neonatal mortality rate remains high, with associated factors that demonstrate attention to deficiency in pregnancy and childbirth in the city of São Luís.