BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO DOS CACHORROS: POPULAÇÃO, SAÚDE E AMBIENTE.

Abstract

Water quality and fish have a strong connection with people's health. Monitor the presence of contaminants in public water is vital for public health. This research aimed to analyze the quality of water and the fish collected in the Cachorros River relating to the health situation of the user population of these environmental resources. Methodology. The study was descriptive and exploratory sectional with qualitative and quantitative approach. The study area comprised the communities Rio dos Cachorros, Taim and Porto Grande. A sample was 250 participants. The interview consisted of an instrument of open and closed questions. For analysis of water were measured physic-chemical parameters, microbiological parameters and the concentration of Pb, Cr, Cd, Fe, Zn, Al and Cu. In fish analysis were measured the metals Pb, Cd, Fe, Zn, Al, Mn and Cu. Results. Most respondents had elementary school education (66%); female (64%); domestic / household (30%); family income 1 minimum wage (72%); 20 to 50 years of age (63%); 83% lived in brick houses; 58% used cesspit and 82% destined for the garbage collection. The origin of water was well and 71% used appropriate treatment method. Distance Geografic / transportation was the main difficulty for access to health services. The hospital first choice is the UPA Bacanga. Health services were evaluated as regular. The water samples of November were evaluated as saline waters despite the Cachorros Rivers is an estuary. The Oxigen Dissolved values were below the limit set out in collection point 3 in September. The variation of the MPN of total and fecal coliforms was 23-2400 / 100mL. There was presence of E. coli in all collection points in June and September. The water analysis showed the presence of Fe and Al in all samples and Cu at all points in September. In the analysis of Pb and Cu in fish showed above the allowed limit concentrations. Residents in Rio dos Cachorros said the river is polluted (58%). The fish consumed is caught in the community. Pollution and deforestation were mentioned by residents as environmental problems and companies / industries and mineral deposits as causes. Conclusion The study population has a level of income and low education. It has no health-related projects included in the community. The findings highlight the need to monitor this environment, because the families of the riverside communities may be at risk.