ESTUDO DA ARTE E AVALIAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE DE Lafoensia pacari (LYTHRACEAE)

Abstract

Medicinal plants are elements that are part of biodiversity and are widely used since the dawn of civilization by various people in various ways. Currently, about 80% of the population uses resources of folk medicine to treat any disease, and knowledge of the techniques used and jobs are transmitted through generations and oral form. The species A. Lafoensia pacari St.-Hil., Is a tree species belonging to the family Lythraceae Brazilian cerrado, found in Bahia, Goiás and Maranhão. Popularly used for various medicinal purposes as gastric disorders and inflammation and is used externally as cicatrizant, known as "mangava-brava" or "dedaleiro". The present study aims to conduct a study of the art, and to determine the levels of flavonoids, phenols and phenolic acids and evaluate the antioxidant activity of L. pacari. A search for documents through national and international databases, Bireme; Google scholar; Portal CAPES; PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science, using as descriptors: Lafoensia pacari, mangava-brava and dedaleiro. The leaves of the plant were collected at Estreito-MA, and obtained the 70% hydroalcoholic extract and fractions by reagents hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Extract concentrations were determined phenols (Folin-Ciocalteau), flavonoids (reaction with aluminum chloride), phenolic acids (difference between the dosed quantities of phenols and flavonoids) and evaluation of the antioxidant activity by in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hidrazila (DPPH). We selected 43 publications that addressed aspects botanical, ecological, chemical and pharmacological studies on the plant. The results showed that the crude extract (29.6% phenol), the ethyl acetate fraction (14.9% flavonoids) and methanol (14.2% phenolic acid) showed high levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity considerable methanol extract once the EC50 value was 19.69 μg/mL. These results characterize the L. pacari as raw material with natural antioxidant, this activity may be related to the presence of phenolic constituents. Note the importance of ethnopharmacology in encouraging scientific research to prove the veracity of the use of medicinal plants, plant reporting to L. pacari that some activities were confirmed in biological assays, demonstrating the pharmacological potential of this plant.