Exposição ocupacional com resíduos de serviços de saúde entre trabalhadores da limpeza e conservação

Abstract

Worker cleaning and care services and health in their work routine, handling potentially infectious materials, and, in the case of a hospital setting, occupational exposure to these materials may result in work accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate the occupational exposure to waste services and health among workers cleaning and maintenance of public and private hospitals in São Luís-MA. We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study type, with a sample of 199 workers in the cleaning and conservation of six hospitals. Data collection was performed after the draw of the workers and used a form with the following variables: gender, age, education, length of service, knowledge of the management of health care waste (RSS), existence of training, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and work accidents. Analysis was not set and in the second phase, the adjusted analysis of hierarchical type, with the variable response to incidents of accident with residues of health services. They were considered to be linked to the variable response to those with a p-value <0.05. It became clear predominance of males (57.79%), aged 31-40 years (39.70%) and completed secondary education (85.43%). There was 13.57% for incidents of accidents. Predominant sharps injuries (81.48%). At the end of hierarchical analysis, remained associated with the work accident: Some high school (prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.98; p <0.001), length of service 1-5 years (PR = 1.12; p <0.001), inadequate segregation of RSS (PR = 2.31; p = 0.009), have pursued training only in admission (PR = 2.63 p <0.001), not considering the RSS as risks to their health (PR = 1 61; p = 0.002) and non-use of PPE (PR = 5.10; p = 0.005). Age between 31 to 40 and 6 years of service to 10 years have been associated as protective factors. The high prevalence of accidents among young adults with low education and time less service five years, emphasizes the importance of continuing education in service that can help to guide on the preservation, maintenance and health promotion of these workers health facilities