https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3868 Linhas de Pesquisa - Produção de espaço e Territorialidades, e Ambiente e Análise Espacial Sat, 11 Apr 2026 09:27:14 GMT 2026-04-11T09:27:14Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6888 Título: DINÂMICA TEMPORAL DO USO E COBERTURA DA TERRA E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM O FOGO EM TERRAS INDÍGENAS DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO (1985-2023) Autor: FERNANDES, Helen Giovanna Pereira Primeiro orientador: RODRIGUES, Taíssa Caroline Silva Abstract: Indigenous Territories play a strategic role in environmental conservation and in maintaining socio-biodiversity, particularly in ecological transition zones subjected to intense anthropogenic pressures. Within this context, the state of Maranhão, located between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, is part of the MATOPIBA agricultural frontier, where the expansion of agribusiness, deforestation, and the intensive use of fire have driven profound transformations in land use and land cover. Against this background, this dissertation aims to analyze the temporal dynamics of land use and land cover and their relationships with fire in Indigenous Territories in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, over the period from 1985 to 2023. The study integrates remote sensing techniques, geoprocessing, and spatial analysis within the Google Earth Engine platform, using historical datasets from MapBiomas (Collection 9), MapBiomas Fire (Collection 3), and deforestation data from PRODES/INPE. The analysis focused on forest and savanna formations, fire recurrence, critical years of vegetation loss and burned area, as well as the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions associated with deforestation and wildfires, based on IPCC guidelines and the Brazilian Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL). Additionally, data on territorial conflicts and violence against Indigenous peoples were incorporated, based on reports from the Indigenous Missionary Council (CIMI). The results indicate that, although Indigenous Territories have maintained extensive areas of native vegetation throughout the historical series, significant losses have occurred, primarily associated with external pressures. Over the study period, Indigenous Territories lost 185,327 hectares of native vegetation, of which 66.9% corresponded to forest formations and 33.1% to savanna formations. Nevertheless, these territories still retained 2,028,755 hectares of native vegetation in 2023, with 81.2% classified as forest formations. Fire recurrence exhibited spatially concentrated patterns, reaching up to 37 events per pixel over the time series. Higher recurrence levels were observed in territories such as Araribóia, Kanela, and Porquinhos dos Canela-Apãnjekra, with intensification during extreme climatic events such as the 2015–2016 El Niño. During this period, the Araribóia Indigenous Territory recorded approximately 200,652 hectares burned, corresponding to about 48.5% of its total area. Emission estimates revealed that fire accounted for the majority of greenhouse gas emissions, surpassing those resulting from direct deforestation. Between 2013 and 2023, total emissions associated with fire and deforestation reached approximately 709 Mt CO₂eq, with around 85% attributed to fire and 15% to deforestation. The integrated analysis highlights the relationship between environmental degradation, socio-territorial conflicts, and the weakening of territorial governance. It is concluded that the protection of Indigenous Territories in Maranhão goes beyond environmental conservation and is inseparable from the enforcement of territorial rights and the recognition of traditional knowledge, particularly in the context of Integrated Fire Management. These findings underscore the need for public policies that integrate continuous environmental monitoring, territorial governance, and coordinated management strategies as key mechanisms for mitigating deforestation, wildfires, and greenhouse gas emissions. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6888 2026-01-26T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6822 Título: Florestas de mangue e suas relações com gradientes de salinidade da água ao longo do rio Preguiças – MA Autor: SANTOS, Ana Carolina Sousa Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, André Luís Silva dos Abstract: resumo Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6822 2025-11-04T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6820 Título: A CARTOGRAFIA ESCOLAR NO ENSINO DA GEOGRAFIA: Desafios e possibilidades na Educação Básica em Paço do Lumiar (MA) Autor: CASTELHANO, Sérgio Murilo de Andrade Primeiro orientador: BARRETO, Helen Nébias Abstract: This dissertation investigates the application of School Cartography in Geography teaching in Paço do Lumiar (MA), contributing to the understanding of Cartography instruction in the municipality and seeking to comprehend pedagogical practices, students’ interpretation, and the approach in textbooks, in light of curricular guidelines. As a methodological procedure for addressing the theme of School Cartography, survey research was conducted, with a descriptive character and quantitative approach, using a cross-sectional design regarding time. Twenty-two teachers were interviewed through social media, using Google Forms and the WhatsApp tool. The main results revealed a significant correlation between School Cartography and student learning, despite some teachers reporting gaps in their initial training in the field. The study provides an overview of Cartography teaching in the municipality, highlighting limitations in data collection and information gathering. The findings show that there is a significant correlation between School Cartography and Basic Education in Paço do Lumiar, with relevant advances in cartographic knowledge guided by teachers in this school network, directed toward the student body of this educational segment. This study contributed to enabling the Paço do Lumiar community, especially teachers in the municipal school system, to verify how School Cartography has been taught in the municipality, opening opportunities for the continuation of this research or similar studies, having School Cartography as a reference directed toward Basic Education participants. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6820 2025-10-09T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6803 Título: O porto do Itaqui e a economia política do território: circuitos produtivos, conflitos e reconfigurações no Maranhão Autor: PEREIRA  , Felipe Desiderio Primeiro orientador: MARINHO, Samarone Carvalho Abstract: This dissertation examines the Port of Itaqui in São Luís (MA) as a strategic node in the socio- spatial reconfiguration of Maranhão state, through the lens of the Political Economy of Territory. It argues that the port is not a neutral technical facility, but a structuring element of productive spatial circuits that articulate local, regional, and global scales, subordinating territory to the logic of capitalist accumulation. The analysis demonstrates how the implementation and expansion of the port complex, initially linked to major mining and metallurgical projects (1970s) and later to the agro-commodity export circuit, engendered a process of port alienation of territory. This concept, developed from a dialogue between Milton Santos and Ana Clara Torres Ribeiro, refers to the transformation of geographical space into a strategic resource for external hegemonic actors, resulting in the loss of social control over natural and cultural heritage, the exogenous redefinition of its functions, and the consolidation of corporate governance. Through theoretical-empirical analysis, the study shows that Itaqui's logistical specialization in global commodity flows promotes a selective economic modernization alongside socio-territorial fragmentation, characterized by the forced displacement of traditional communities, socio-environmental conflicts, and systematic rights violations. It concludes that the port embodies the contradictions of unequal and combined development, acting as a vector for accumulation by dispossession that generates abstract wealth at the expense of territorial sovereignty, environmental justice, and the social reproduction of local populations. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6803 2026-01-22T00:00:00Z