https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3361 Programa de mestrado com caráter interdisciplinar. Mon, 31 Aug 2026 04:45:20 GMT 2026-08-31T04:45:20Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7159 Título: Avaliação do potencial biotecnológico de uma bebida do tipo kombucha a base própolis vermelha amazônica e mel de tiúba in vitro e in vivo Autor: CASARIN, Jeferson Noslen Primeiro orientador: MACIEL, Márcia Cristina Gonçalves Abstract: Plant-based fermented beverages have gained relevance as functional foods, particularly due to their sensory acceptance and health-promoting potential. In this context, kombucha stands out as a versatile fermentative matrix, whose bioactive metabolites can be enhanced by the incorporation of ingredients with specific therapeutic properties, such as Amazonian red propolis and tiúba honey, both widely recognized in ethnomedicine for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory effects. Despite this potential, the synergistic effect of this formulation in modulating immune responses in septic conditions has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects of a kombucha beverage enriched with Amazonian red propolis and tiúba honey, using in vitro assays to assess cytotoxicity and nitric oxide production in macrophages, as well as an in vivo sepsis model to analyze bacterial load, hematological parameters, cytokine profile, and immune phenotyping by flow cytometry. This dissertation was structured into two chapters. Chapter I presents an integrative literature review entitled “Therapeutic Potential of Propolis Against Endotoxemia and infection: Bioactive Properties and in vivo Evidence”. The review discusses the main mechanisms of action and analytical approaches reported in studies indexed in MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Embase. The findings indicate that propolis may represent a promising alternative for modulating the inflammatory response associated with sepsis, as its bioactive compounds have shown potential to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine production and improve survival in animal models. Chapter II presents the original research article entitled “Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory, Antimicrobial, and Anti-inflammatory Potential of a Kombucha Beverage Based on Amazonian Red Propolis and Tiúba Honey for the Treatment of Sepsis”, which reports the experimental results obtained throughout the project. The kombucha formulation demonstrated low cytotoxicity and a significant reduction in nitric oxide production in vitro. In vivo treatment markedly reduced peritoneal bacterial load and inflammatory cellularity in the bone marrow and peritoneal cavity. Hematological analysis indicated a reduction in total leukocytes and segmented granulocytes. Additionally, the beverage increased levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17A, promoted CD4+ lymphocyte expansion, and modulated CD4+CD3− and CD11c+ subpopulations, suggesting a balanced modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Collectively, the findings demonstrate that kombucha enriched with Amazonian red propolis and tiúba honey exerts multifactorial immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects in a sepsis model, supporting its potential as an adjuvant therapeutic approach for sepsis management. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7159 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7053 Título: SÍNTESE VERDE E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PRATA UTILIZANDO PRÓPOLIS VERMELHA AMAZÔNICA PROVENIENTE DO PARÁ Autor: MACHADO, Erika Aparecida Mendes Primeiro orientador: DUTRA, Richard Pereira Abstract: Propolis is a resinous material produced by honeybees of the species Apis mellifera, widely used in folk medicine due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. In recent years, its potential has been explored in nanotechnology, especially in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which exhibit broad antimicrobial activity and the ability to interact with microbial structures. Given the increasing bacterial resistance to conventional bacteria, the integration of propolis and green nanotechnology emerges as a promising strategy for the development of new antimicrobial agents of natural origin. Therefore, this study carried out the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the hydroalcoholic extract of Amazonian red propolis as a reducing and stabilizing agent for silver ions. The Amazonian red propolis was evaluated for its reducing potential through the determination of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. The extract showed a high content of total phenolic compounds (228.6 ± 11.3 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (131.9 ± 5.5 mg QE/g), in addition to significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay (EC50 = 22.2 µg/mL). Chemical characterization by HPLC revealed the presence of isoflavonoids such as calicosine, formononetin, and vestitol, compounds associated with the reducing capacity of the extract. Based on these properties, the green property of silver nanoparticles with red propolis (nAgPVA) was developed. The synthesis conditions were optimized using the Box–Behnken Design (BBD) experimental design. The formation of the nanoparticles was monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy, in which synthesis 3 showed a plasmonic absorption band at approximately 425 nm after 24 h. Physicochemical characterization by dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated an average hydrodynamic diameter of 91.3 to 534.3 nm, while a zeta potential of −4.7 to −27.2 mV promotes moderate electrical stability of the dispersions. In microbiological assays, nAgPVA showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 15.3 to 49.3 mg/L. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assessment in GM-07492ª fibroblasts did not indicate cellular cytotoxicity under the tested conditions. The results demonstrate that Amazonian red propolis constitutes an efficient natural matrix for supplying nanoparticles with antibacterial potential and low cytotoxicity to normal cells, standing out as a sustainable alternative in combating bacterial resistance. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7053 2026-03-25T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7011 Título: Desenvolvimento e estabilidade de bebidas probióticas vegetais como estratégia de valorização da biodiversidade brasileira Autor: MACHADO, Thalison de Sousa Primeiro orientador: PEREIRA, Ana Lucia Fernandes Abstract: The growing demand for healthy foods has stimulated the development of probiotic plant-based beverages made from regional raw materials. In this context, the present study aimed to optimize the formulations and evaluate the stability of low-calorie probiotic beverages made from babassu coconut and mixed babassu coconut and cashew, promoting the valorization of Brazilian biodiversity. Beverages containing only babassu coconut and beverages supplemented with 13.9% cashew pulp were produced, with the initial pH adjusted to 5.6. Fermentation was carried out for 8 hours at 30 °C using Lacticaseibacillus casei. As a preliminary step, an online survey was conducted with participants to assess consumer attitudes, using word association, a hedonic scale, and purchase intention. Subsequently, a focus group was conducted with regular consumers of fermented beverages to identify preferences and assist in defining vanilla concentration and sweetness levels. After this stage, the following treatments were defined: T1 – babassu coconut probiotic beverage with vanilla; T2 – babassu coconut probiotic beverage with vanilla and xanthan gum; T3 – mixed babassu coconut and cashew beverage; T4 – mixed babassu coconut and cashew beverage with xanthan gum; all formulations were supplemented with 6% xylitol. Sensory acceptance was evaluated by untrained panelists using a hedonic scale, Just-About-Right (JAR) scale, Check-All-That-Apply (CATA), and purchase intention. On day 0 and day 42, the following parameters were analyzed: Lacticaseibacillus casei viability, pH, color, fatty acid profile, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), mineral composition, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, apparent viscosity, and sedimentation index.To assess sensory characteristics after 42 days of storage, the Flash Profile method was applied. For the sensory attributes evaluated using the hedonic scale, the mean scores for babassu coconut and vanilla probiotic beverages ranged from 6.75 to 7.52. The mixed beverages containing babassu coconut and cashew showed mean scores ranging from 6.12 to 6.95, indicating positive sensory acceptance. After refrigerated storage at 4 °C for 42 days, microbial viability ranged from 7.91 Log CFU/mL (T1) to 8.44 Log CFU/mL (T4). The addition of cashew resulted in a higher content of bioactive compounds and greater antioxidant activity, while xanthan gum increased viscosity and improved sedimentation stability. It can be concluded that mixed babassu coconut and cashew beverages demonstrate the potential of combining raw materials from Brazilian biodiversity to create innovative products. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7011 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6990 Título: Síntese, caracterização e avaliação funcional de compósitos à base de vidro bioativo funcionalizados com extrato de Dysphania ambrosioides Autor: MARTINS, Gabriel da Silva Primeiro orientador: REIS, Aramys Silva dos Abstract: Bioactive glasses have gained prominence in regenerative medicine due to their ability to interact with biological tissues, induce hydroxyapatite formation, and act as systems for the controlled release of bioactive agents. In this context, the functionalization of these materials with natural products in composite formulations has emerged as a promising strategy to incorporate antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties relevant to tissue repair. Among the species of interest, Dysphania ambrosioides (mastruz) has a broad ethnopharmacological background, together with preclinical evidence of antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, and wound-healing activity, which supports its investigation as a functionalizing agent for glass-based composites. Thus, this dissertation aimed to synthesize and evaluate the physicochemical, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties of borate-based bioactive glass composites functionalized with D. ambrosioides extract. The dissertation is organized into two chapters. Chapter 1 presents a scoping review on the biological potential of bioactive glasses functionalized with natural products in preclinical models, including 24 studies. Overall, functionalization favored the controlled release of bioactive substances, accelerated hydroxyapatite formation, and added antioxidant, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory properties, without compromising cytocompatibility in most studies. However, important methodological heterogeneity was observed among the analyzed studies. Chapter 2 describes the development of bioactive glass-based composites functionalized with hydroethanolic extract of D. ambrosioides at concentrations of 6% and 12%, compared with the blank composite (0%). The extract showed 86.1 ± 8.88 mg GAE·g⁻¹ of total phenolic compounds and 42.49 ± 0.89 mg QE·g⁻¹ of total flavonoids, in addition to a chromatographic profile compatible with a kaempferol diglycoside. The analytical curve in PBS showed excellent linearity (R² = 0.999). In the release assays, there was a rapid initial release between 2 and 8 hours, more pronounced in the 12% formulation. In SBF, the materials promoted a gradual increase in pH and greater mass loss in the functionalized groups. The diffractograms indicated a predominantly amorphous matrix, with a reflection suggestive of hydroxyapatite at approximately 42° (2θ). Biologically, the composites maintained cell viability ≥ 80%, reduced nitric oxide production, and showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Disponibilização parcial até 30/4/2028 por motivo de pedido de patente e publicação em periódico internacional. Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6990 2026-03-26T00:00:00Z