https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3361 Programa de mestrado com caráter interdisciplinar. Sun, 10 May 2026 22:27:28 GMT 2026-05-10T22:27:28Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6944 Título: Desenvolvimento de bebida tipo kombucha de própolis vermelha e mel da abelha sem ferrão Melipona fasciculata Smith Autor: SOUSA, Bruna Moura Cardoso Primeiro orientador: DUTRA, Richard Pereira Abstract: The development of functional foods has sparked growing scientific and industrial interest, especially within the context of fermented beverages with bioactive properties. In this scenario, kombucha stands out as a versatile fermented matrix capable of incorporating different natural substrates, thereby expanding its nutritional and functional potential. Consequently, the present study aimed to develop a kombucha-type beverage using Amazonian red propolis (PvAm) and honey from the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata (tiúba) as substrates, seeking to explore the bioactive potential of these bee products and evaluate their technological applicability in the formulation of a functional Beverage.Initially, a hydroalcoholic extract of PvAm was prepared, obtained by maceration in 70% ethanol and subsequently concentrated and lyophilized. Following this, kombucha-type beverages were produced using different concentrations of propolis and honey, defined through a central composite rotatable design (CCRD) with response surface methodology (RSM) for formulation optimization. The microbial viability of the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) was used as the response variable for the experimental model. After the fermentation process, the beverages were evaluated for pH, total phenolic composition, flavonoid content, antioxidant activity via the DPPH radical method, chemical profile by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-MS/MS), and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. Fermentation kinetics studies were also conducted over 12 days, monitoring pH and the dynamics of microbial populations (acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts). Additionally, a sensory evaluation was performed using the focus group technique to understand consumer perception regarding sensory characteristics and the beverage's acceptance potential.Optimization results indicated that the formulation containing 0.84% PvAm and 8.8% tiúba honey presented the best balance between microbial viability and fermentative stability. During fermentation, a progressive reduction in pH was observed, reaching values compatible with the microbiological safety range established for kombucha type beverages. Kinetic analysis demonstrated the growth of microbial populations throughout the fermentation process. Chemical analyses revealed a significant presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the developed beverages, reflecting the contribution of the red propolis and honey used as substrates. The observed antioxidant activity was consistent with these levels, indicating high reducing potential in the formulations. Chemical characterization by HPLC-ESI-IT-MS/MS allowed for the identification of characteristic red propolis compounds, including isoflavonoids such as formononetin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, and calycosin, demonstrating the persistence of these bioactive metabolites within the fermented matrix. Furthermore, the beverages exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested strains, with a predominantly bacteriostatic effect. Sensory analysis indicated that formulations with higher honey content showed better acceptance by participants, suggesting that residual sweetness contributes to balancing the sensory notes derived from the propolis. Thus, the results demonstrate that the combination of PvAm and Melipona fasciculata honey in a kombucha type fermented matrix represents a promising strategy for the development of functional beverages with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Publicização parcial do conteúdo até 24/3/2029 por motivo de submissão de artigo a periódico científico, conforme solicitação da autora. Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6944 2026-03-24T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6917 Título: SÍNTESE, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ATIVIDADE ANTIBACTERIANA DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PRATA OBTIDAS COM A FRAÇÃO FENÓLICA DERIVADA DAS FOLHAS DE Gustavia augusta L     Autor: TRAJANO, Letícia Paula Benvindo Primeiro orientador: FIDELIS, Queli Cristina Abstract: Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field with the potential to transform various sectors, especially healthcare. Among its advances, metallic nanoparticles stand out, widely investigated due to their antimicrobial properties. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out for presenting a broad antibacterial spectrum and a low probability of inducing microbial resistance. In this context, sustainable approaches, such as green synthesis mediated by plant extracts, have gained prominence for reducing environmental impacts and toxicological risks. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of the plant species Gustavia augusta L. as a reducing and stabilizing agent in the green synthesis of AgNPs, as well as to investigate its physicochemical properties, antibacterial activity, and cell viability. For the synthesis, the phenolic fraction obtained from the plant's leaves was used as a reducing agent. A Central Composite Design (CCD) experimental design, associated with Response Surface Methodology (RSM), was applied to optimize synthesis conditions and evaluate the influence of experimental variables on the formation and activity of the nanoparticles. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains. Additionally, the cell viability of the nanoparticles was investigated in murine macrophage cells RAW 264.7. The formation of the AgNPs was confirmed by the color change of the dispersions and the presence of characteristic absorption bands between 400 and 500 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The average diameters ranged from 50.9 ± 11.8 to 245.3 ± 18.7 nm, with polydispersity indices between 0.216 ± 0.02 and 0.852 ± 0.13, and zeta potential values between –19.7 ± 2.0 and –42.1 ± 6.0 mV. The AgNPs showed relevant antibacterial activity, with MICs between 24.6 ± 4.4 and 123.2 ± 27.6 mg/L for S. aureus and between 8.8 ± 3.3 and 291.0 ± 137.2 mg/L for E. coli. The CBM values ranged from 160.5 to 1072.0 mg/L for S. aureus and from 30.0 to 544.0 mg/L for E. coli. Cell viability at 70% (V70) was estimated at 50 and 45 mg/L, respectively, for the optimum points determined by antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. It is concluded that G. augusta constitutes a promising source for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, resulting in nanomaterials with suitable physicochemical properties, significant antibacterial activity, and concentration-dependent cell viability. These findings contribute to the development of new antimicrobial agents and broaden the knowledge about the biotechnological potential of this plant species. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Trabalho sob sigilo. Motivo: Solicitação de patente. Data Provável de Liberação: Dezembro de 2029. Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6917 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6908 Título: Efeito do ILIB transcutâneo na perfusão tissular periférica de pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2: Um estudo quase experimental Autor: LIMEIRA, Bárbara dos Santos Primeiro orientador: PASCOAL, Livia Maia Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous Intravascular Laser Irradiation of Blood (ILIB) photobiomodulation therapy on the peripheral circulation of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) who have a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion (IPTP). This is a quasi-experimental study, conducted in four primary health care units with 20 people with DM2, diagnosed with IPTP and without contraindications for transcutaneous ILIB therapy. Before the start of the interventions, a questionnaire was applied to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants. The intervention consisted of applying transcutaneous ILIB to the vascular bundle in the radial artery region, in 25-minute sessions, performed daily for ten days, with a two-day break at the weekend. At the end of the 10 sessions, there was a 23-day break before repeating the protocol, totaling two intervention cycles. In each cycle, on the first and tenth day, instruments were applied to assess the diagnosis of PTPI, screen for diabetic neuropathy, and evaluate the nursing outcome of NOC (Peripheral Tissue Perfusion). On the fifth day, a new assessment of the NOC outcome was performed. Descriptive statistical analysis of sociodemographic and clinical variables was conducted. McNemar's exact test was used to assess NANDA-I and neuropathy; Friedman's test with Dunn's post-hoc test and Bonferroni correction for the NOC outcome; Wilcoxon test for inter-cycle comparisons; and paired t-test for daily parameters. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The sample was composed mainly of women (70%), adults (55%), with a mean age of 57 years and a DM2 diagnosis time equal to or greater than 10 years (55%). In the integrated intra-cycle and inter-cycle analysis of the defining characteristics of the PTPI diagnosis, a favorable response to the intervention was observed, with a reduction in the following defining characteristics: cold extremities, extremity pain, paresthesia, extremity sweating, altered motor function, and intermittent claudication, as well as an associated condition, dyslipidemia. In the intra-cycle analysis of the NOC result, significant overall differences were observed in the systolic blood pressure of the right upper limb (RUL) and left upper limb (LUL), in the pedal pulse strength in the left lower limb (LLL), and in the mean arterial pressure of the LUL. In the inter-cycle NOC evaluation, significant differences were identified in the diastolic blood pressure indicators of the RUL and skin rupture of the LLL, both with a large magnitude of effect. In the daily follow-up, in cycle 1 there was a significant increase in peripheral oxygen saturation of the LLL and a reduction in arterial pulse in the right and left lower limbs. In cycle 2, a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure of the RUL and arterial pulse of the right and LLL was identified. Although not statistically significant, a reduction in cases suggestive of neuropathy was observed in diabetic neuropathy screening, along with improvement in circulatory deficit and generalized asthenia. The findings suggest that transcutaneous ILIB may act as a safe adjuvant therapy, with the potential to improve peripheral tissue perfusion in people with type 2 diabetes, contributing to clinical management and the prevention of peripheral vascular complications. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Trabalho sob sigilo. Motivo: A disponibilização parcial da dissertação justifica-se pela necessidade de preservação da originalidade do conteúdo, visando à futura publicação dos resultados em formato de artigo científico. Prazo previsto para disponibilização total: 3 anos. Mon, 30 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6908 2026-03-30T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6725 Título: Aplicativo MAMAprev no Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática de Profissionais de Saúde: Ensaio Clínico Randomizado não Farmacológico Autor: PINHEIRO, Wiliane Freire Primeiro orientador: FERREIRA, Adriana Gomes Nogueira Abstract: Introduction: Evaluating the effectiveness of applications is important so that these technologies can be introduced into routine patient care, in addition to demonstrating the potential educational impacts of these technologies. Given this scenario, the hypothesis was defined that professionals who use the MAMAprev mobile application effectively learn about secondary prevention, with a positive influence on their level of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of educational technologies on breast cancer in the knowledge, attitude, and practice of primary health care professionals. Method: This is a randomized, non-pharmacological, blinded, controlled, and pragmatic clinical trial. Professionals from family health teams and multidisciplinary teams in the state of Maranhão participated in the study, allocated to a control group and an experimental group. The study was conducted in six phases: (1) recruitment of participants; (2) randomization and allocation to groups; (3) application of the pre-test; (4) application of interventions; (5) application of the post-test; and (6) data analysis. Participants in the control group received digital educational material in Portable Document Format, while those in the experimental group received the intervention, which was the MAMAprev app. The data were tabulated using Microsoft Office Excel and then exported and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 software, adopting a significance level of 5%. The study is registered on the platform. Results: 111 health professionals participated in the study. The groups were homogeneous in terms of sociodemographic profile and training (p> 0.05), thus ensuring comparability between the groups and the validity of the interventions applied. In the knowledge analysis, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the pre-test (p=0.81), demonstrating initial equivalence. In the post-test period, the educational material in PDF format performed better than the experimental group (p = 0.04). Regarding attitude, no statistically significant intragroup differences were observed in the pre-test; however, in the post-test, the educational material in PDF format demonstrated greater effectiveness (p = 0.02) in promoting positive attitudes. Regarding practice, it was not possible to observe statistically significant results, and similarly, in the stratified evaluation by professional category (doctors and nurses), there was no difference between the pre-test and post-test moments of the groups. However, in the stratified sample, the group that used the MAMAprev app showed a significant increase in average scores. In addition, the participants' satisfaction assessment found that the total average score for the MAMAprev app was 78.6% and for the educational material in PDF format was 73.4%, classifying them as having excellent usability. Conclusion: The results indicate that the educational technologies evaluated have the potential to support teaching processes in PHC. However, their effectiveness in promoting significant changes in knowledge, attitude, and practice may depend on several factors, such as duration of use, professional profile, integration into care routines, pedagogical design, and digital familiarity. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Trabalho sob Sigilo. Motivo: Publicação do Artigo. Data Provável de Liberação: 3 anos. Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6725 2025-09-30T00:00:00Z