https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/2610 Tue, 07 Apr 2026 04:38:22 GMT 2026-04-07T04:38:22Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6804 Título: Efeito de uma sessão aguda de exercício físico aeróbio e resistido sob os níveis plasmáticos de marcadores hormonais Autor: JACINTO, Angélica Gomes Primeiro orientador: NASCIMENTO, Marcos Antonio do Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute session of aerobic and resistance exercise on plasma leptin and insulin levels in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) undergoing conservative treatment. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized crossover clinical trial with 18 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing conservative treatment (40-60 years old), conducted at the Center for the Prevention of Kidney Diseases (CPDR). Each participant performed three sessions: control (no exercise), aerobic exercise, and resistance exercise, acting as their own control. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the State University of Maranhão (UEMA); and all volunteers consented to participate. Body composition and serum leptin and insulin levels were assessed by tetrapolar bioimpedance and ELISA, respectively. Aerobic exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer (27 min; Borg 7–14), and resistance training included eight exercises (five for upper limbs and three for lower limbs), two sets of 10 repetitions at 60–70% of submaximal load. Statistical analysis was conducted using JAMOVI software (v.2.6.44), with a significance level of 5%, applying normality tests, ANOVA for repeated measures, and calculation of effect size (Cohen's D). Results: Acute sessions of aerobic and resistance exercise did not promote significant changes in serum leptin levels. However, only the comparison of serum insulin values between baseline and after strength training showed statistical significance (p = 0.0268), with a large effect size. Insulin correlated positively with weight (r = 0.288), height (r = 0.376), lean mass (r = 0.316), and extracellular water (r = 0.316), while leptin showed a positive correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI) (r = 0.402) and a negative correlation with height (r = -0.393). Conclusion: It is concluded that a session of aerobic or resistance exercise does not significantly alter hormonal or body parameters in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, possibly due to the low intensity of the exercise and the small sample size. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 27 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6804 2025-11-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6653 Título: Efeitos do treinamento multicomponente sobre o estado mental, modulação autonômica cardíaca e força de preensão manual em mulheres idosas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica: ensaio clínico randomizado Autor: ABREU, Lucas Miquéias Silva Primeiro orientador: DIAS, Carlos José Moraes Abstract: Objective: To analyze the effects of a multicomponent physical training protocol on cardiovascular risk variables, mental health, body composition, and cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive older women. Methods: A series of anamnesis procedures were performed, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, handgrip strength test, blood pressure measurements, bioimpedance data collection, and heart rate variability. The investigation was conducted in two phases: 1) A randomized clinical trial that subjected elderly hypertensive women to a multimodal training protocol (strength, aerobic, and flexibility exercises) for 8 weeks (16 sessions), comparing them with a control group. A two-way ANOVA and Fisher's exact test were performed for statistical analysis; 2) A cross-sectional study that compared elderly hypertensive women who regularly practiced physical exercise with non-practitioners. The following were evaluated: blood pressure, body composition (bioimpedance), handgrip strength, heart rate variability (HRV), Baevsky Stress Index, sleep quality (SPQI), anxiety (IAB), and depression (IDB). For statistical analysis, the Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's correlation test were used. Results: In the clinical trial, the group that underwent multicomponent training showed significant improvements compared with the control group, including reduced anxiety levels, better sleep quality, increased fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and basal energy expenditure; reduced body fat percentage and anxiety scores; and improved cardiac autonomic modulation, as evidenced by increases in SDNN, RMSSD, SD1, and SD2 of HRV and a decrease in resting heart rate. The cross- sectional study supported these findings, demonstrating that regular exercise practitioners had better body composition, greater strength, lower anxiety and depression, improved sleep quality, and a lower cardiovascular stress index. Conclusion: Multicomponent physical training proved to be an effective intervention to attenuate multiple cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive older women. The observed benefits range from direct physiological adaptations, such as improved cardiac autonomic modulation and body composition, to enhancements in mental health and sleep quality. The findings reinforce the importance of prescribing multicomponent exercise as an integral part of hypertension management in this population, with potential implementation in public health programs. Long-term studies are recommended to assess the persistence of these benefits and their impact on clinical outcomes. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6653 2025-10-30T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6632 Título: Avaliação da força dos membros superiores e inferiores, nível de atividade física e qualidade de vida de idosas praticante de atividade física Autor: FROTA FILHO , Evaldo dos Santos Primeiro orientador: REIS, Andréa Dias Abstract: Objective: To analyze the upper and lower limb strength, physical activity level, and quality of life of older adults who practice physical activity. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with multivariate analysis involving 52 older women. Strength was assessed, and physical activity level and quality of life questionnaires were administered. The study included older women aged 60 years or above. Upper limb strength was assessed via hand dynamometry; lower limb strength was assessed with the sit-to-stand test. The IPAQ and SF-36 questionnaires were applied, respectively. Results: The study analyzed 52 older women (mean age 72.9 years) to investigate the relationship between physical activity, muscle strength, and quality of life (QoL). Most participants were classified as very active (64.8%) or active (27.8%) according to the IPAQ. The SF-36 quality of life questionnaire revealed higher scores in Vitality and lower scores in Role Limitations due to Physical Health and Social Functioning. The analysis showed a positive correlation between the physical activity level and the functional capacity dimension of quality of life. Furthermore, lower limb strength had a significant negative relationship with age, as well as a significant positive relationship with the functional capacity domain of quality of life and physical activity level. This suggests that muscle strength is a key intermediate mechanism, acting as the most direct determinant of functional autonomy, mediating the benefits of physical activity, with influence from age. Conclusion: In active older women, lower limb strength proved to be a critical and independent factor for better functional capacity (SF-36), with correlation the upper limb strength and overall physical activity level. Despite being active, the sample presented "weak" upper limb strength and low scores in the physical and social aspects of quality of life. It is concluded that interventions should prioritize lower limb strengthening to promote autonomy and quality of life. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 29 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6632 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6541 Título: Efeitos de um programa de exercícios nos parâmetros clínicos de pacientes com doença renal crônica: um ensaio clínico randomizado Autor: BRITO, Millena de Mikely Pereira Primeiro orientador: AMORIM, Carlos Eduardo Neves Abstract: Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive condition that progressively compromises kidney function. To treat it, therapies are suggested that have multiple physical consequences and various clinical complications, impacting the patient's quality of life. In this perspective, non-pharmacological strategies, such as physical exercise, have been identified as promising interventions to promote improvements in overall health, in addition to enhancing treatment outcomes. Objective: To analyze the impact of intradialytic exercise on clinical variables and prognosis of chronic kidney disease in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. Materials and Methods: This is a randomized, single-center clinical trial with two groups (control and intervention), evaluating the variables of body composition, muscle strength, Kt/V, creatinine, and clearance before and after a 10-week combined training program, comprising 2 weeks of adaptation and 8 weeks of exercise. Results: This study concludes that combined physical exercise during dialysis does not promote statistically significant improvements in dialysis efficiency, BMI, body composition, handgrip strength, or specific markers of kidney disease in a short period. Conclusion: Despite the results found and the limitations observed, the importance of supervised exercise programs is reinforced, recommending the extension of the study time, the increase in the sample size, and the exploration of different protocols to better understand the long-term effects and possible improvements in clinical and functional variables and in the quality of life of chronic kidney patients. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6541 2025-08-27T00:00:00Z