https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/1279 Tue, 05 May 2026 00:24:04 GMT 2026-05-05T00:24:04Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6918 Título: A gripe espanhola no litoral maranhense através dos jornais do Estado (1918-1919) Autor: FRANCO, Ticyana Silva Primeiro orientador: ALONSO, José Luis Ruiz-Peinado Abstract: This study aims to analyze the experience of the Spanish Flu on the coast of Maranhão, with a focus on São Luís and the then village of Cururupu, between 1918 and 1919, through narratives about the disease published in the Maranhão newspapers Pacotilha, O Jornal, Diario Official do Estado do Maranhão and O Littoral. The research seeks to understand social relations and power dynamics during the pandemic, as well as the ways in which government authorities, physicians, health authorities, and society responded to the emergence of a new disease. The methodology is based on a qualitative approach, considering subjectivity as a fundamental element in the construction of historical knowledge. A serial perspective, related to Serial History, is also employed in order to observe the phenomenon through its recurrence, using comparison to investigate events and explain them in terms of similarities and differences. Finally, the analyzed newspapers reveal, through their discourses and underlying meanings, two cities that responded differently to the health crisis. In São Luís, the sources highlight infrastructural problems, hospital precariousness, and deep social inequalities, in which poorer populations were disproportionately affected and faced intensified hardships. In Cururupu, the widespread adherence across social groups to therapeutic practices associated with pajelança stood out, within a context marked by governmental neglect and fragile sanitary structures. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6918 2026-03-04T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6824 Título: Estado e Hegemonia: A transição política em Portugal e a reforma agrária do Alentejo através da imprensa portuguesa (1974-1976) Autor: SOUSA, Raniele Alves Primeiro orientador: COELHO, Victor de Oliveira Pinto Abstract: In Portugal, in April 1974, the Carnation Revolution took place, a movement coordinated by the Portuguese Armed Forces that ousted the estadonovista dictatorship, thus reestablishing democratic freedoms and promoting profound social transformations in the country. After this event, a series of political clashes occurred and several instances of society underwent changes, among them agrarian reform and the decline of the latifundium. Soon, at the end of 1974 the first occupations took place, when some rural workers began to exploit the latifundia on their own, later supported by agrarian laws. In the middle of 1975, the movement of land occupation gained more intensity in Évora and Portalegre and began to become clear that they were seeking broader objectives, aiming at the real transformation of the structure of property and farm, in addition to changing the social relations of production. Between August and September 1975, the land occupation movement reached its peak in Beja and Évora, due to the approval by the government in July of the decrees 406-A/75 and 407/75 that gave legal support to the occupations. Therefore, in order to understand the process of the Alentejo’s Agrarian Revolution, it is important to understand the actions of the Portuguese State, since agrarian reform had the support of the Armed Forces Movement Portuguese and provisional governments, factors which came to corroborate with the limitation of the class power of the big landowners, thus leading to a revolutionary break, which on the Legislative level inspired a new legality on the issues of land tenure and use. Given this, with this research we propose to investigate government initiatives in order to regulate land occupations, and understand the actions of rural workers, through the publications of the Portuguese newspapers Diário do Alentejo, Portugal Socialista, Combate. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Thu, 24 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6824 2025-04-24T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6691 Título: Dom Frei Joaquim de Nossa Senhora de Nazaré: Trajetória em conexões atlânticas (1820-1830) Autor: PEREIRA, Maria de Fátima Cabral Primeiro orientador: SANTIROCCHI, Ítalo Domingos Abstract: In the 19th century, a revolutionary wave swept through the Portuguese and Spanish colonies in the Americas, leading to independence. The relocation of the Portuguese Court to Rio de Janeiro in 1808 changed the colonial landscape, eventually leading to the separation of Brazil from Portugal. In 1820, the Liberal Revolution of Porto demanded the return of King João VI and his Court to Portugal, reflecting the conflict of interests between the metropolis and the colony. Brazil’s independence in 1822 marked a break in this relationship, although some provinces, such as Maranhão, resisted joining. Bishop Dom Frei Joaquim de Nossa de Nazaré, president of the Maranhão Governing Junta, refused to support independence and acted against the province’s adhesion. In the 1830s, in Portugal, where he was then Bishop of Coimbra, this same cleric became involved in the dispute for the Portuguese throne between Dom Pedro and his brother Miguel, siding with the latter and with the interests of the Catholic Church. This bishop’s political and religious trajectory became evident amid the liberal revolutions and counterrevolutions of the 1820s and 1830s, revealing his participation on both sides of the Atlantic. Thus, the aim is to align micro-historical approaches with the theoretical fields of Connected History and Global History to uncover the contexts, actions, stances, and influences of this Catholic bishop. In this sense, the research object is guided by Jacques Revel’s analytical approach of “variation of scales” to understand the Brazilian, Portuguese, and Maranhense context of the 19th century. The analysis of the bishop’s political-religious trajectory offers a perspective on resistance to change and the defense of the status quo during a period of intense political and social transformations. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Mon, 06 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6691 2025-10-06T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6676 Título: O oriente ascende em Roma: uma análise das representações documentais do imperador romano Heliogábalo (218-222 d.C.) Autor: BARROS, Carlos Augusto Lima Primeiro orientador: NAVARRO, Alexandre Guida Abstract: Elagabalus was a young Syrian, born in the city of Emesa, who at the age of 14 became emperor of Rome from 218 to 222 AD through a political coup allegedly orchestrated by his grandmother, Julia Maesa, which overthrew the current ruler, Macrinus. The narratives surrounding his time in power are characterized by negative representations of the way he governed, how he manifested his Syrian/Eastern cultural identity, his homoerotic relationships, and his effeminacy. Elagabalus's rise to power is embedded in the context of the third-century Roman Empire, a period of ascendancy of Easterners to Roman political positions and a coalition of Syrian power within the imperial sphere. Thus, the emperor is implicated in political forces that contributed to his continued power, such as Eastern allies, people from lower social classes, and the figures of his grandmother and mother, who fit into what would become known by scholars as the Julia Dynasty. Elagabalus's depictions clashed with Roman values and customs, which can be framed by the Latin term mos maiorum, an aristocratic notion that shaped various aspects of Roman society, governing how it should behave. Therefore, by being associated with someone who disrespected the mos maiorum, the emperor is placed in a category of disruption of the Roman Empire's order. Described in narratives as a cruel tyrant, an exotic, fanatical Oriental, as well as an effeminate recipient in his homoerotic relationships and influenced by female figures, Elagabalus is permeated by representations that reveal various aspects of Roman imperial society, enabling us to understand the Roman Empire itself through the study of Elagabalus. This research aims to analyze ancient textual representations surrounding the emperor Heliogabalus from the Emperor, Oriental and Deviant axes, in order to understand, from his representation, the Roman context in which he was involved, working with aspects involving the mos maiorum, connection between Rome and the East, notions about effeminacy and homoeroticism, the feminine influence in imperial power, among other elements, problematizing decontextualized notions of an Empire without cultural exchanges or possessing extreme virility. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação Fri, 10 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6676 2025-10-10T00:00:00Z