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EFEITOS DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA NA PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DE DOENÇAS PARASITÁRIAS EM CRIANÇAS ESCOLARES NO INTERIOR DO MARANHÃO: ESTUDO QUASE-EXPERIMENTAL

Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: EFEITOS DE UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCATIVA NA PREVENÇÃO E CONTROLE DE DOENÇAS PARASITÁRIAS EM CRIANÇAS ESCOLARES NO INTERIOR DO MARANHÃO: ESTUDO QUASE-EXPERIMENTAL Autor: OLIVEIRA, Scarlett Costa de Primeiro orientador: COSTA, Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus Abstract: Parasitic disease is a globally prevalent public health problem affecting the health of children in developing countries. It is associated with clinical morbidities that, in more severe cases, can affect child growth and development. Considering the effects of an intervention in the prevention and control of parasitic diseases in school-aged children, in this context, Primary Health Care, especially through the Family Health Strategy, is a strategic space for the development of educational actions for health promotion and prevention in the territory. The study has a quasi-experimental, self-controlled, beforeand-after, longitudinal research design with a quantitative approach. It was conducted in 2025 in an elementary school in the interior of Maranhão, with a sample of 26 children aged 7 to 8 years. Data collection occurred in three stages: 1. Pre-intervention, with the collection of social, demographic, economic information and knowledge about the topic; 2. Educational intervention; 3. Post-intervention, with a new survey of knowledge on the subject, 90 days after the end of the intervention, to evaluate its long-term effect. Data were collected after approval from the Ethics and Research Committee. Analyses were conducted using complete pairs available for each outcome, where categorical variables were compared between pre- and postintervention using McNemar's test. For statistical inference of the differences in scores between the pre- and post-intervention moments, the Wilcoxon test for paired samples was used. All analyses were processed using the open-source software JAMOVI version 1.6 and JASPER version 1.0, adopting a significance level of 5%. The results showed a majority of brown-skinned children living with their father or mother in a house with at least four people. With parents who were farmers, an income of up to half the minimum monthly wage, and approximately 6-9 years of schooling. Following the educational intervention, there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge about what parasites are (p<0.001), symptoms of intestinal parasitosis (p<0.001), and ways to prevent parasitosis (p<0.001), as well as in the domain of prevention habits (p=0.021). In percentage terms, the increase in knowledge ranged from 23.5% to 40.2%, and the effect size was considered high (rb=0.98) and significant. Considering the participants' sex, the percentage variation in the increase in correct answers was greater in females, ranging from 28.6% to 50% (girls) versus 21.4% to 42.9% (boys) (p=0.037). It is concluded that, after an educational intervention, there was an increase in knowledge regarding parasitosis, encompassing the identification of symptoms and means of prevention; there was also an increase in personal hygiene habits. It is expected that the proposed intervention in the territory of the family health strategy will contribute to the acquisition and maintenance of knowledge and healthy lifestyle habits in the children participating in the study, with the aim of preventing and controlling parasitic diseases. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

MORTALIDADE MATERNA E DETERMINANTES DOS MUNICÍPIOS NORDESTINOS: ANÁLISE ESPACIAL ANTES E DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19

Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: MORTALIDADE MATERNA E DETERMINANTES DOS MUNICÍPIOS NORDESTINOS: ANÁLISE ESPACIAL ANTES E DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 Autor: FILGUEIRAS, Ellen Rose Santos Primeiro orientador: QUEIROZ, Rejane Christine de Sousa Abstract: Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of maternal mortality in Northeast Brazil before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, correlating the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) with social vulnerability and maternal healthcare indicators. Methods: This is an ecological and analytical study based on secondary data from 2017 to 2022. Global and Local Moran spatial autocorrelation indices were applied to identify territorial patterns and risk clusters. Correlation analyses were also conducted between the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR), social vulnerability indicators, Primary Health Care coverage, and adequacy of prenatal care. Analyses were performed for all municipalities in Northeast Brazil. Results: At the regional level, positive spatial autocorrelation of MMR was observed in all analyzed periods. Before the pandemic, the Global Moran’s I was 0.140, increasing to 0.234 during the pandemic period (2020–2022), indicating that maternal mortality is not randomly distributed across the territory. Low–Low clusters predominated, representing municipalities with lower mortality rates. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in the spatial configuration of these clusters were observed, with increased inequalities and greater territorial heterogeneity. In Maranhão, spatial patterns showed greater instability during the pandemic, with more pronounced changes in cluster distribution and stronger associations between maternal mortality, social vulnerability, lower Primary Health Care coverage, and inadequate prenatal care. Conclusion: Despite the challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, some municipalities in Northeast Brazil maintained more favorable maternal mortality patterns, possibly related to better healthcare infrastructure and more organized Primary Health Care systems. In Maranhão, however, territorial inequalities were more pronounced, reinforcing the need to strengthen maternal health policies, improve maternal death surveillance, and enhance healthcare networks with a territorial and equity-focused approach. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Tese

Qualidade de vida e laboral dos agentes comunitários de saúde em um município do Maranhão

Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Qualidade de vida e laboral dos agentes comunitários de saúde em um município do Maranhão Autor: ABREU, Lillia Michely Nunes Primeiro orientador: MONTEIRO, Sally Cristina Moutinho Abstract: Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a central role in the Family Health Strategy. However, they are often exposed to adverse working conditions and occupational stressors, which may compromise their quality of life and the effectiveness of Primary Health Care. This study aimed to analyze the quality of life and quality of work life of Community Health Workers in São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, as well as their associated factors. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study with 155 participants, whose data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health conditions, as well as validated instruments to assess quality of life and quality of work life. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies, while quantitative variables, after the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, were presented as medians and percentiles. A predominance of females was observed, with a higher proportion aged over 50 years (56.1%) and a long professional trajectory (median of 25 years). Regarding lifestyle habits, most participants were non-smokers (95.5%) and did not consume alcoholic beverages (78.6%), while 45.2% reported engaging in regular physical activity. A high prevalence of overweight (83.3%) and chronic conditions such as hypertension (32.9%), diabetes (17.4%), and dyslipidemia (24.0%) was identified. Quality of life scores were higher in the psychological and social relationships domains (median of 75.0), intermediate in the physical domain (67.9), and lower in the environment domain (60.7). Quality of work life showed a median of 76.0, indicating an overall satisfactory perception. A negative association was observed between the physical domain and age, number of children, and number of families followed, while a positive association was found between the psychological domain and years of professional experience. The environment domain was negatively correlated with the number of children, with no significant associations identified for the social relationships domain or quality of work life. In multivariate analysis, the number of families followed and family burden showed a negative impact on the physical and environmental domains. It is concluded that, although CHWs perceive their work-related quality of life as satisfactory, factors such as age, family burden, and the number of families followed may negatively impact the physical and environmental domains of their quality of life. These findings highlight the need for policies focused on workload management, occupational health promotion, and family and psychosocial support strategies for this professional group. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial na população negra do maior quilombo urbano da América Latina

Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Adesão ao tratamento da hipertensão arterial na população negra do maior quilombo urbano da América Latina Autor: BOGÉA, Rômulo Luiz Neves Primeiro orientador: SARDINHA, Ana Hélia de Lima Abstract: Hypertension imposes a heavy burden in Brazil and disproportionately affects the black population, especially when social determinants and primary health care arrangements limit therapeutic continuity and blood pressure control. In this context, urban quilombo communities deserve attention because they combine geographical proximity to services with organizational microbarriers that impact the effectiveness of care. This study aimed to evaluate adherence to antihypertensive treatment in black people living in an urban quilombo. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study with a quantitative approach, conducted at a health center in an urban quilombo in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil; the sample consisted of 288 registered users diagnosed with hypertension who self-identified as black. Two instruments were used for data collection: the first on sociodemographic profile, lifestyle, and health, and the second related to adherence to hypertension treatment. Descriptive analyses and multivariate models were used to estimate associations between adherence scores and blood pressure control. The results of the survey showed that the majority were women (69.4%) and elderly (51%), with low education (46%) and income (87.1%); overweight was frequent (63.3%). A very high proportion of adherence was observed according to the instrument applied (98.6%), but a substantial portion maintained blood pressure above the recommended clinical target (52.4%); in addition, higher adherence scores were associated with lower diastolic blood pressure levels, while the effect on systolic blood pressure was less consistent. These findings suggest that medication use alone are not sufficient to ensure optimal blood pressure control when other conditions that impact blood pressure levels persist. Self-reported adherence may be high and still coexist with suboptimal blood pressure control; continued access and care bonding showed potential to increase adherence; however, social determinants and lifestyle also continue to significantly influence the clinical response, thereby primary care professionals, when considering strategies to improve adherence, need to combine these aspects with care arrangements for the effective control of hypertension. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação