TEDE Communidade:

SITUAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA EM SÃO LUÍS-MA NO SÉCULO XXI.

Wed, 09 Oct 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Título: SITUAÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA EM SÃO LUÍS-MA NO SÉCULO XXI. Autor: BARRETO, Ingrid Cabral Primeiro orientador: VIANA, Graça Maria de Castro Abstract: Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease that affects practically all organs and systems, and despite its effective and low cost treatment, it has remained a public health problem until the present day. The transmission of this disease occurs sexually and vertically, through the mother's placenta to the fetus. Due to the significant frequency of gestational and congenital syphilis in Brazil, the Northeast region and Maranhão, taking into account the complications caused by this disease in pregnant women and newborns, this study aims to evaluate the situation of congenital syphilis and determine the epidemiological profile of infection caused by Treponema pallidum in puerperal women and newborns. This is a cross-sectional, documentary and descriptive study, carried out in 3 Maternities of the city of São Luís. We used as source of data records of puerperal and newborn medical records from January 2015 to December 2018. Including 429 cases of gestational and congenital syphilis, 51.98% of the 25-year-old median puerperal women, 86.24% declared brown, with incomplete high school (26.34%). Most (81.38%) pregnant women had prenatal care, with inadequate treatment (58.51%). The profile of newborns with syphilis was 51% female, 89.23% declared by their parent as brown, 81.86% with nontreponemal reagent test. Regarding the clinical signs variable, 91.69% of the newborns were asymptomatic. As for gestational outcome 90.91% were alive. This research shows that syphilis in pregnancy is still a factor present and associated with vertical transmission. We highlight the importance of deepening comparative studies to better evaluate this important component of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the country scenario and in the state of Maranhão. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

FENÓTIPO DA CINTURA HIPERTRIGLICERIDÊMICA E LESÃO RENAL EM PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS ASSISTIDOS EM UM CENTRO DE PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇA RENAL.

Thu, 07 Feb 2019 00:00:00 GMT

Título: FENÓTIPO DA CINTURA HIPERTRIGLICERIDÊMICA E LESÃO RENAL EM PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS ASSISTIDOS EM UM CENTRO DE PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇA RENAL. Autor: MEDEIROS, Thaynara Helena Ribeiro e Silva Primeiro orientador: MONTEIRO, Sally Cristina Moutinho Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become an important public health problem in the world population due to the increase in its prevalence and its significant association with other important chronic diseases. This study aims to verify the association between the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (FCH) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eTFG) in a population of hypertensive patients attended at a center for the prevention of renal diseases in the city of São Luís / MA. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective and quantitative study conducted at the Center for the Prevention of Renal Disease at the Presidente Dutra University Hospital - UFMA. Socio-demographic data, clinical conditions and laboratory tests were collected from the medical charts between the years 2013-2017. The data obtained were analyzed from the SPSS 21.0® statistical program using Student's t test to relate the serum and anthropometric variables to changes in the Rhythm of Glomerular Filtration and Shapiro-Wilk test for normality. Differences were considered significant when p value <0.05. RESULTS: 146 medical records were selected, 84.2% had FCH and 15.8% did not present the phenotype. The eRFG presented a mean of 91.4 ± 42.6 mL / min by 1.73 m² in the group without FCH and in the group with FCH the mean of 69.3 ± 23.9 mL / min by 1.73 m², with significant association (p <0.0047). All the anthropometric variables investigated were associated with the presence of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype. In the present study, the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was associated with an estimate of the glomerular filtration rate in hypertensive individuals. The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HCF) was also associated with increased anthropometric indexes such as CER, HF and IAP as well as increased biochemical variables, such as fasting blood glucose, TyG index, LAP index, and IAC. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Mecanismo de ação da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória da Persea americana

Tue, 26 Jun 2018 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Mecanismo de ação da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória da Persea americana Autor: LIMA, Nathalia de Fátima Melo Primeiro orientador: CARTÁGENES, Maria do Socorro de Sousa Abstract: Introduction: Persea americana Mill is a plant species traditionally used in traditional Brazilian medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and algic processes. Objectives: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Persea americana Mill (EHPa) on pain and inflammation models, as well as to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in the action of this species. Materials and Methods: To identify the existing compounds in EHPa, the HPLC was terminated. The activity of EHPa was evaluated using mus musculus mice (males, ± 45 days) in the paw edema test induced by carrageenan and dextran, for anti-inflammatory action; abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid, formalin and glutamate for antinociceptive action. For evaluation of the involvement of opioid receptors and participation of the L-arginine-NO pathway in antinociceptive action, previously treated with naloxone and L-NAME, respectively. For in vitro analysis, the COX- 1 and COX-2 inhibition test was used. Results: The HPLC identified compounds such as β-amirin, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, isoquercitrin, naringerin and canferol. Treatment with EHPa (250 and 500mg / kg) reduced carrageenaninduced paw edema by 40% and 70%, respectively; A similar result was obtained with the 500mg / kg EHPa in the induction of dextran edema (50% reduction), evidencing the anti-inflammatory power of the species. In the in vitro test, the EHPa inhibited the Cycloxigenases, presenting greater selectivity for COX-2, when compared to COX-1. EHPa (50, 250 and 500mg / kg) reduced nociception caused by acetic acid, as well as the second (inflammatory) phase of the formalin test, in the neurogenic phase of the formalin test, EHPa at doses of 250 and 500 mg / kg was able to reduce the reaction time of the animals in 51% and 71.1% respectively . In the glutamate test, EHPa (50, 250 and 500mg / kg) reversed the nociception caused by intraplantar glutamate injection in 61.2%, 71.7% and 86% respectively. Naloxone was not able to reverse the action of EHPa (500mg / kg) in the neurogenic phase of the formalin test. In contrast, naloxone was able to block the antinociceptive effect of EHPa in the inflammatory phase. L-NAME was not able to reverse central antinociceptive action of EHPa; In the inflammatory phase, L-NAME was able to further increase the peripheral antinociceptive action of EHPa in 49.3%. Conclusion: EHPa has significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. The anti-inflammatory action of EHPa involves the participation of histamine and / or 5HT, in addition to the inhibition of cycloxigenases, having greater COX-2 selectivity. Opioid receptors are not involved in the central antinociceptive activity of EHPa, but the possible participation of NMDA receptors was evidenced. The peripheral antinociceptive action of EHPa seems to involve opioid receptors and NO modulation. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

Percepção de estudantes sobre aspectos didáticos-pedagógicos e tutoria em módulo temático Saúde da Mulher de curso de especialização a distância

Tue, 27 Jun 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Percepção de estudantes sobre aspectos didáticos-pedagógicos e tutoria em módulo temático Saúde da Mulher de curso de especialização a distância Autor: SOUSA, Jairo Ribeiro Primeiro orientador: OLIVEIRA, Ana Emília Figueiredo de Abstract: Distance learning (EAD) is an important modality in the educational context, mainly because it can reach distant cities, and plays a fundamental role in health, since it can offer courses that would only be possible in the big centers. The Open University of SUS - UNA-SUS, in partnership with the Federal University of Maranhão, has been offering Distance Education courses on Primary Care for health professionals, with several thematic modules. Among them, women's health course, which deals with the context of the construction of health policies and the role of women in Brazilian society. As a periodic evaluation tool, UNA-SUS/UFMA created a platform known as SigU (Integrated Management System of UNA-SUS) to collect the opinions of students and tutors on the courses offered. This research objective was to analyze students’ perception on the didacticpedagogical aspects and tutoring produced for the thematic module Woman’s Health in seven classes of a Specialization Course in Family Health, in the modality of Distance Education. It is an evaluative research, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on secondary data in the Integrated System of Management of UNA-SUS (SigU). The study population consists of the physicians of the Family Health Strategy, who enrolled in the Specialization Course of Family Health at UNA-SUS/UFMA, classes 1-7, totaling 1.535 professionals/students. Of these, 584 answered the questionnaire, reaching the minimum sample size for statistical inferences. The data collection was based on the students' answers to the questionnaire, made available in the Virtual Learning Environment. The data were treated in SPSS software version 17. IBM, Chicago, IL. The variables were summarized by means of frequency measurements and compared using the chisquare test and the Pearson coefficient correlation. In the qualitative analysis, the Theory Based on Data was used. Some important points were identified in this research, such as the quality of: the course, the module, the teaching material and the platform used, as well as the importance of the tutor and the interaction between the different actors in this learning process. Student’s satisfaction was also strongly emphasized on this Distance Education specialization course. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação