https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/544 2026-07-21T21:42:17Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7118 Título: PACIENTES RENAIS CRÔNICOS ATENDIDOS NA FARMÁCIA ESTADUAL DE MEDICAMENTOS ESPECIALIZADOS NO MUNÍCIPIO DE SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO: Perfil clínico-epidemiológico, estudo etnofarmacológico e estratégias para Farmacovigilância Autor: MUNIZ, Raoni Sousa Primeiro orientador: AMARAL, Flavia Maria Mendonça do Abstract: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a syndrome characterized by progressive changes in renal structure and function, presenting high morbidity and mortality and a significant socioeconomic impact. Due to its complex clinical progression, the disease requires continuous care and prolonged use of medications to ensure access to therapies that control the progression of the pathology and reduce complications, making the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Assistance essential in Brazil. However, the traditional use of medicinal plants and barriers to accessing health services encourage self-medication with herbal preparations, which can represent serious risks to patients with CKD due to possible adverse events. Given this scenario, this study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile and pattern of use of plants for medicinal purposes among patients with CKD, evaluating potential risks of drug interactions with specialized treatment and proposing measures to minimize dangers in this population. The methodology consisted of an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study with 280 patients registered in the Horus system and assisted by the State Pharmacy of Specialized Medicines in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire, and medical records were used to confirm the disease; multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with the use of plants for medicinal purposes. The results revealed a sample with a slight male predominance (50.71%) and a higher concentration in the 51-60 age group (22.86%). The socioeconomic profile showed low educational attainment, with 70.00% of patients having completed high school, and marked financial vulnerability, with 93.57% living on less than two minimum wages. Regarding the diagnosis of CKD, 51.79% discovered the disease in routine examinations, although 18.21% had a family history, mainly first-degree relatives (34%). The practice of polypharmacy is evident, with 78.57% of respondents using additional medications, primarily for the control of metabolic disorders and hypertension. Approximately 15% of patients use plants for medicinal purposes, with the most frequent species being: lemon balm (Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br., 5.36%), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, 3.57%), chamomile (Matricaria recutita L., 2.14%), boldo (Plectranthus barbatus Andrews, 1.79%), and mango leaf (Mangifera indica L, 1.07%). Thus, the clinical risk is aggravated by polypharmacy and/or the use of species with nephrotoxic potential. It is concluded that the implementation of pharmacovigilance actions and the qualification of healthcare professionals are imperative measures to mitigate risks and promote the rational use of therapeutic resources in this population. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7093 Título: EFEITOS DO AMBIENTE ISOLADO, CONFINADO, EXTREMO SOBRE OS ESTADOS DE HUMOR NA ESTAÇÃO ANTÁRTICA COMANDANTE FERRAZ Autor: GOMES, Jayne Pimenta Primeiro orientador: MENDES, Thiago Teixeira Abstract: Introduction: Antarctica represents one of the most challenging scenarios for human presence, characterized as an isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment, in which factors such as geographic isolation, restricted mobility, environmental monotony, and intense seasonal variations act simultaneously. In this context, mood emerges as a variable sensitive to the interaction between psychobiological and environmental factors, being widely used as an indicator of adaptation in extreme conditions. Objective: To analyze the effects of the ICE environment on the mood states of military personnel at the Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station (EACF). Methodology: Sixteen military personnel participated in the study, monitored over 11 months in 2020, with six data collection phases (January to November). The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) questionnaire was applied, and anthropometric measurements were taken. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0, adopting descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range, according to the data distribution). Normality was verified by the Shapiro–Wilk test, and differences between periods were assessed by the Friedman test, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in mood dimensions verified by the Friedman, TMD, and Effect Size indices over the analyzed period (p > 0.05), suggesting a pattern of positive mood in the ICE environment. Conclusion: The findings suggest that exposure to the isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment of Antarctica did not promote statistically significant changes in mood dimensions over time, indicating stability of positive mood during the analyzed period. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-04-30T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7077 Título: AÇÃO ANTI-INFLAMATÓRIA E ANALGÉSICA DO ÓLEO DE ANDIROBA (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) EM MODELO EXPERIMENTAL DE OSTEOARTRITE Autor: FIGUEIREDO, Isaias Moreira de Primeiro orientador: CARVALHO, Rafael Cardoso Abstract: Osteoarthritis is one of the most limiting chronic diseases, often resulting in pain and functional impairment of affected joints. In this context, medicinal plants represent a therapeutic alternative due to their well-documented traditional use as antiinflammatory and analgesic agents, such as Carapa guianensis Aubl. (andiroba). The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of C. guianensis seed oil in an experimental model of osteoarthritis in rats. The oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify its major components and was administered orally, by gavage, at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Osteoarthritis was induced in the right knee of the animals using sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA). The animals were subjected to behavioral tests, including forced locomotion (Rotarod test), spontaneous pain assessment (Von Frey test), and weight distribution (Weight Bearing test), to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of the oil. In addition, radiological examinations and histological analyses of the knee joint were performed. The major compounds identified in the andiroba oil by GC-MS were palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and stearic acid. The oil exhibited antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, and chondroprotective effects in the experimental model. Behavioral tests demonstrated that higher doses improved locomotion and the use of the affected limb. Radiological and histological analyses confirmed preservation of joint structure, reduction of subchondral bone sclerosis, and decreased presence of marginal osteophytes, particularly at the highest treatment dose. Differences in treatment response between sexes were also observed. Thus, C. guianensis (andiroba) oil represents a promising bioproduct for the development of new therapeutic approaches for osteoarthritis. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7057 Título: Atividade do Óleo de Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) no Tratamento de Infecção do Trato Urinário em Modelo Experimental de Bexiga Neurogênica em Ratos  Autor: CALDAS, Raysa Lins Primeiro orientador: CARVALHO, Rafael Cardoso Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) associated with neurogenic bladder represent a significant clinical challenge, particularly due to urinary stasis, persistent bacterial colonization, and increasing antimicrobial resistance. In this context, natural bioactive compounds have been investigated as complementary therapeutic alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Caryocar brasiliense Cambess. oil in an experimental model of neurogenic bladder associated with urinary tract infection, integrating both in vitro and in vivo analyses. For this purpose, a complete spinal cord transection model was performed in Wistar rats, followed by induction of urinary infection using isolated uropathogenic microorganisms. In the in vivo assay, the animals were allocated into five experimental groups (n = 5/group): negative control (untreated), positive control (antibiotic therapy), and three groups treated with pequi oil at doses of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg, administered by gavage every 12 hours. Evaluations were conducted at experimental time points of 4 and 8 days, including microbiological analysis (CFU/mL), urinalysis, hematological parameters, and histopathological assessment. The results demonstrated that the experimental model was effective, with an initial bacterial load exceeding 10⁵ CFU/mL, along with the presence of hematuria and motor deficits. In the negative control group, infection progression was observed, with a mean bacterial load of 5 × 10⁶ CFU/mL on day 4 and 100% mortality by day 8. The group treated with 500 mg/kg showed no significant reduction in bacterial load, with values ranging from 1.2 × 10⁶ to 1.4 × 10⁶ CFU/mL. In contrast, the doses of 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg demonstrated a dose-dependent effect, with bacterial load reductions from 9 × 10⁵ to 6 × 10⁵ CFU/mL and from 6 × 10⁵ to 4 × 10⁵ CFU/mL, respectively, between days 4 and 8. The positive control group showed a more pronounced response, achieving complete bacterial clearance by day 8. Urinalysis revealed a progressive reduction in hematuria, leukocyturia, and bacteriuria in the higher-dose groups, associated with improvement in physicochemical urinary parameters. Additionally, hematological and histopathological findings indicated preservation of renal and hepatic integrity, suggesting low toxicity of the oil. In the in vitro assay, no measurable direct antimicrobial activity was observed, which was attributed to the limited solubility of the oil in aqueous media. It is concluded that, although no direct antimicrobial effect was observed under the tested conditions, Caryocar brasiliense Cambess. oil demonstrated relevant therapeutic potential in vivo, with a dose-dependent reduction in bacterial load and modulation of the inflammatory process, representing a promising complementary strategy in the management of urinary infections associated with neurogenic conditions. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z