https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/3628 2026-08-10T20:18:21Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7148 Título: A arbitrariedade e iconicidade na língua brasileira de sinais a partir de verbos Autor: AZEVEDO, Ana Thayrla Pereira Silva Pires Primeiro orientador: CURVELO, Heloísa Reis Abstract: This study was motivated by the perception of one of the linguistic complexities present in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras): the balance between arbitrary and iconic signs within its grammar. The research seeks to answer the following question: how do the phenomena of arbitrariness and iconicity of the linguistic sign manifest in Brazilian Sign Language, especially in the domain of verbs? The general objective of this study is to understand how these phenomena coexist and operate in the constitution of linguistic signs in Libras, highlighting the structural flexibility and expressive richness of this visual-spatial language. To this end, two specific objectives are established: to discuss the linguistic foundations that support the concepts of arbitrariness and iconicity in Libras, and to demonstrate, through examples—particularly within the sphere of verbal signs the manifestations of these phenomena in actual language use. The research adopts a bibliographic, descriptive, and qualitative approach, grounded in authors such as Gesser (2009), Quadros (2004), Capovilla (2017), Carmozine (2012), Brito (1995), and Frizanco and Honora (2021), in the field of Libras studies, as well as Saussure (2012), Benveniste (1991), Fiorin (2003), Bagno (2014), and Martelotta (2020), who provide theoretical support regarding the linguistic sign and arbitrariness in language. This study contributes to the deepening of linguistic investigations into Libras and broadens the understanding of the coexistence between arbitrary and iconic signs, emphasizing the “free” nature of this language as a visual and gestural system endowed with complexity, creativity, and expressive autonomy. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-02-24T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7131 Título: Documentário como acontecimento: raça, gênero e os sentidos do amor e afetividade em vozes negras Autor: SILVA, Laize Oliveira Primeiro orientador: FRANÇA, Glória da Ressurreição Abreu Abstract: This study analyzes, from the materialist strand of Discourse Analysis, the discursive construction of Black women’s affectivity in the documentary Sobre Nós (2021). The research investigates how meanings of love, desire, and care are traversed by a colonial discursive memory that articulates race, gender, and class, and how this historical archive is challenged by testimonies that constitute a political “we” of resistance. The corpus is composed of excerpts that consider the material imbrication of verbal, visual, sonic, and gestural elements (Lagazzi, 2011), treating the documentary as a discursive event that projects new assertions about the world (Ramos, 2008). The theoretical framework engages with Discourse Analysis concepts of discursive memory and interdiscourse (Pêcheux, 2014; Courtine, 2009) and sites of enunciation (Zoppi-Fontana, 1999), as well as with contributions from Black feminism (Gonzalez, 2020; hooks, 2021; Davis, 2016) and scholars in the field (França, 2024; Cestari, 2015; Modesto, 2021). The analysis unfolds along three axes. First, it examines the racial economy of affect, demonstrating how hegemonic discourses naturalize hierarchies that grant public affects to whiteness while confining Black women to spaces of neglect and private sexual objectification. Next, it focuses on mechanisms of racism denial and the necropolitical regulation of bodies (Mbembe, 2018), showing how affects such as fear operate as technologies of subjection within a political affective circuit (Safatle, 2024). Finally, it investigates strategies of resistance and collective healing, in which first-person enunciation and the re-signification of stereotypes function as gestures of aquilombamento (Nascimento, 2006), projecting meanings through a sensitive reading (Neckel, 2015). The conclusions indicate that the documentary functions as a sensitive dispositif of denunciation and reinvention, in which intimate experience is converted into a political act. By giving visibility to the psychic and physical costs of oppression and by projecting narratives of insurgent care, the work displaces stabilized meanings and contests the full humanity of Black women within the field of affectivity. The research thus contributes to understanding the discursive processes that naturalize structural violence while simultaneously opening the fissures through which dissident affective epistemologies are constructed. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7127 Título: Sou bravo, sou forte, sou filho do Norte: a construção discursiva do indígena no Bumba meu boi de Morros - MA Autor: COSTA, Aline da Silva Morais Primeiro orientador: SILVA FILHO, Marcelo Nicomedes dos Reis Abstract: Bumba Meu Boi is a cultural manifestation rooted in the symbolic and social life of the people of Maranhão. A vibrant, dynamic, and performative popular expression that articulates memory, identity, and resistance. In this celebratory dimension, the Bumba Meu Boi of Morros – MA operates as a place for the production of discourses and the contestation of meanings. In this scenario, the indigenous figure is discursively constructed. It goes beyond a scenic adornment; this character carries a symbolic density that evokes collective memory and acts on the tensions between tradition and transformation.Understanding the meanings produced by indigenous peoples implies analyzing how discourses manifest themselves, simultaneously revealing strategies of resistance. In the Bumba Meu Boi of Morros – MA, we analyze the place that indigenous people occupy within this group and the construction of meanings, considering how this place is discursively produced. We start from the principle that the indigenous person is discursively constructed, being constantly re-signified. Given this scenario, the present research is guided by the following question: “How is the i Bumba Meu Boi is a cultural manifestation rooted in the symbolic and social life of certain localities in the state of Maranhão. It is a vibrant, dynamic, and performative popular expression that articulates memory, identity, and resistance. In this celebratory dimension, the Bumba Meu Boi of Morros – MA operates as a place for the production of discourses and the contestation of meanings. In this scenario, the indigenous person is discursively constructed. They go beyond a mere scenic adornment; this character carries a symbolic density that evokes collective memory and acts within the tensions between tradition and transformation. Understanding the meanings produced by the indigenous person implies analyzing how discourses manifest themselves, simultaneously revealing strategies of resistance. In the Bumba Meu Boi of Morros – MA, we analyze the place that the indigenous person occupies in this group and the construction of meanings, considering how this place is discursively produced. We start from the principle that the indigenous person is discursively constructed, being constantly re-signified. Given this scenario, the present research is guided by the following question: "How is the indigenous person discursively constructed in the Bumba Meu Boi of Morros – MA?", taking as its starting point the theme of 2024 "It is necessary to be born again". We consider the relationship of this discursive construction with the narrative of the Boi-Bumbá festival. To this end, we chose as the corpus of our research the audiovisual recording of one of the 2024 performances, considering that these materials allow for a multifaceted analysis, integrating oral, visual, and symbolic elements. The selection of Boi de Morros is justified by its recognition as a group that is positioned, by its own participants, as a place of innovation within the festival, both for the contemporary themes it addresses and for the striking presence of muscular bodies prepared for the performance, which consequently communicates meanings and values. To support this research, we adopted Materialist Discourse Analysis (MDA), mobilizing concepts such as subject, ideology, discursive memory, interdiscourse, discursive formation, and ideological formation, in order to understand the slippages, the displacements of meanings, and the reverberations of discourse that manifest themselves in the construction of the indigenous in this manifestation. To this end, we rely primarily on the work of Michel Pêcheux (1993, 1995, 2002, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2017), Eni Orlandi (2007, 2011, 2012, 2015), Indursky (2011, 2013), Silva Filho (2021), as well as researchers who reinforce this same theoretical perspective. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-02-26T00:00:00Z https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/7110 Título: A MULHER NO ESPELHO LITERÁRIO: UM ESTUDO COMPARADO ENTRE MARIA DA TEMPESTADE E DIÁRIO DE UMA PAIXÃO Autor: MENDES, Luana Primeiro orientador: SANTOS, Naiara Sales Araújo Abstract: Throughout the 20th century, the role of women underwent numerous transformations in Brazilian and American societies. The literary works Maria da Tempestade (1956), by João Mohana, and The Notebook (1997), by Nicholas Sparks, serve as literary mirrors reflecting these changes that occurred mainly in the societies of the 1950s and 1990s. In the Brazilian context of the 1950s, portrayed in Maria da Tempestade, the character Bárbara confronts the restrictions of a patriarchal society, fighting for her independence and personal recognition. Throughout her journey, the character presents the limitations and challenges faced by women during this period, highlighting the traditional expectations that shaped their lives. On the other hand, The Notebook introduces us to Allie, a character who lives in a more contemporary period, but still marked, like Barbara's, by gender issues. Therefore, this work aims to compare the trajectories of Barbara and Allie, analyzing the social and cultural transformations that occurred throughout this century, highlighting a gradual evolution in the status and opportunities of women in society. The analysis of these literary works allows us to understand the changes in women's living conditions and the persistent challenges they face in their pursuit of equality and autonomy. Therefore, this study seeks to contribute to a broader understanding of women's history in the 20th century, highlighting the importance of literature as a tool for exploring and reflecting on women's experiences in different historical contexts. For this reason, this research adopts a qualitative approach, exploratory and analytical in nature, based on the fundamentals of literary criticism, gender studies, and feminist criticism, drawing on authors such as Judith Butler, Bell hooks, among others, as well as Brazilian theorists such as João Mohana. Based on this theoretical foundation, the results show that female identity in both works is constructed under the influence of the male gaze, with emphasis on memory and affection. The continued association of women with caregiving and the conflicts between personal desire and social expectations were also observed. At the same time, the differences between the characters reveal advances in female freedom and possibilities for choice. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação 2026-03-10T00:00:00Z