TEDE Communidade:
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/1090
2024-03-28T18:36:50ZINFLUÊNCIA DA PECUÁRIA E SUA IMPLICAÇÃO NA SUSTENTABILIDADE DA MATA CILIAR DO RIO ZUTIUA,MARANHÃO,BRASIL.
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/2948
Título: INFLUÊNCIA DA PECUÁRIA E SUA IMPLICAÇÃO NA SUSTENTABILIDADE DA MATA CILIAR DO RIO ZUTIUA,MARANHÃO,BRASIL.
Autor: LAGO, Caruline Silva
Primeiro orientador: BARRETO, Larissa Nascimento
Abstract: Riparian forests are extremely important in the conservation and maintenance of
ecosystem services, economic and social, having a key role in the sustainability of a
region. Based on this, This study aimed to analyze the structure of riparian vegetation of
the river Zutiua regarding the influence of livestock areas targeting the sustainable
planning of riparian vegetation in the region of sub-basin Zutiua, Maranhão. We
allocated 10 plots of 10x50m (500 m²) perpendicular to the river's course at different
distances from the area of use (grazing). In the sampling, all individuals with a
minimum of 5 cm diameter at 1.30 m at breast height were recorded and the total height
of trees. Were sampled the 538 trees, 42 species, 34 families, resulting in a density of
978.18 plants / ha. The height and diameter were respectively 5.11 m and 13.58 cm. The
Shannon diversity index (H ') was 2.452 for species and families was 2.083 and the
index of equability (J') of 0.65. The richest families were Arecaceae, Myrtaceae,
Leguminosae, Polygonaceae and Lecythidaceae. The species that had the highest IVI
values were Symmeria paniculata Benth., Orbignya phalerata Mart., Bactris
brongniartii Mart., Sp 2, sp.4, Pithecolobium sp. Crataeva tapia L. Sp.12 and Cecropia
glaziovi Snethlage. The results show that the remaining areas are characterized by the
presence of secondary species and the large number of young individuals. In linear
regression analysis performed to test the effect of different distances from the use area
in the values of height, diameter, number of individuals and number of species, did not
achieve significant value, in other words, the values found for these parameters were not
associated with the distance from the area of use. In the buffer analysis, the generated
map showed that the cattle have not affected the riparian forest, which was not observed
"in situ", where vast areas have no riparian vegetation in the river Zutiua, due to the
presence of livestock. This probably is due to the continued use of forest resources by
local residents, who use and end up doing some species, thus a form of selective logging
by changing the vegetation structure. However, it is apparent that the main cause of
habitat loss and degradation of riparian vegetation in the region is the extensive
breeding of cattle.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2012-03-29T00:00:00ZEstrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica como alternativa para avaliação da sustentabilidade biológica de áreas com potencialidade aqüícola estabelecida pelo zoneamento costeiro do Estado do Maranhão
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/1912
Título: Estrutura da comunidade fitoplanctônica como alternativa para avaliação da sustentabilidade biológica de áreas com potencialidade aqüícola estabelecida pelo zoneamento costeiro do Estado do Maranhão
Autor: RODRIGUES, Eliesé Idalino
Primeiro orientador: CUTRIM, Marco Valério Jansen
Abstract: The estuarine areas in São José de Ribamar, Cedral and Cajapió counties, Maranhão State (Brazil), are between 2° e 3° S and 44° e 45° W. Six superficial collections at high tide in morning time were carried out during the period from May/2005 to April/2006 for each sample station to know the phytoplanktonic biomass, ecology and flora composition, seasonal variations and the hydrological and climatic variables. These stations were defined according to the Costal Zoning of Maranhão State, which considered them as medium and high potentiality for aquatical organisms cultures which are economically important. Two seasonal periods were considered: the wet weather (from January to June) and the dry one (from July to December). Climatological data were taken at meteorological stations at São Luís, Alcântara and Pinheiro counties. In situ data about local depth, temperature, water transparency were registered and, concomitantly, water samples were collected for biological and hydrological variables analysis. Microphytoplankton samples were obtained through superficial horizontal drags, with a dragnet of 1 m length, 30 cm ring and 45 mm mesh size, during 5 minutes. The phytoplanktonic biomass (total and sizefractionated) was measured through chlorophyll a concentrations. A number of 124 taxa had been identified, mainly diatoms, composing 87,1 % of the total taxa. In relation to occurrence frequency, the most important were the diatoms Cyclotella stylorum, Ditylum brightwellii, Thalassionema frauenfeldii and Thalassiosira subtilis, with 94 % of occurrence in the collections and Actinoptychus annulatus, Coscinodiscus centralis, Odontella aurita, O. mobiliensis and Triceratium favus, frequents in 89 % of the samples. The dinoflagellates constituted the second flora group, followed by Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Euglenophyceae. Shannon’s diversity index (H’) characterizes the environments with medium and high specific diversity degrees. The water transparency varied from 12 cm to 130 cm; the water temperature (from 27,8 to 38,5 °C); salinity (from 10,7 to 33,0) varied from mesohalyne to euhalyne environment; saturation rate of dissolved oxygen (from 61,44 to 160,55 %); pH keep alkaline, varying from 7,40 to 8,68; nitrate (from 1,39 to 24,43 mM), phosphate (from 0,15 to 1,72 mM) and silicate (from 3,25 to 65,03 mM); algal biomass varied from 2,40 to 16,56 mgClorofila.m-3, showing a light seasonality with shorter concentrations during the wet weather and generally with high indices, characterizing the area as an eutrophic environment. In that areas there are serious biological and chemical limitations for aquaculture. In São José de Ribamar and Cajapió, the low phytoplanktonic biomass can be named as inappropriate in some periods of the year, while in São José de Ribamar and Cedral some species with toxic potentiality are presents, as two genera of diatoms (Nitzschia and Pseudo-nitzschia), dinoflagelates of the genera Protoperidinium and cyanobateria of the genera Oscillatoria, Such species can be developed by the consequent environment enrichment with nitrate and phosphate deriving from aquacultural activities.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2006-11-28T00:00:00ZModo de vida e estratégias de produção da comunidade quilombola Bonsucesso, no município de Mata Roma – MA, sua relação com o cerrado do maranhense e percepção sobre os riscos decorrentes do avanço do agronegócio para o ambiente
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/1718
Título: Modo de vida e estratégias de produção da comunidade quilombola Bonsucesso, no município de Mata Roma – MA, sua relação com o cerrado do maranhense e percepção sobre os riscos decorrentes do avanço do agronegócio para o ambiente
Autor: Rocha, Cristiane Maria Macau
Primeiro orientador: COSTA NETO, José Policarpo
Abstract: Bonsucesso, remnant quilombo community area of conducting the research, is located in the municipality of Mata Roma, with the agroextractivism the means of reproduction of their families, which maintains relations and inheritance with the ancient foundations of the first families who started the village, such as the use of natural resources and the enhancement of local culture. Throughout this period, these families experience the tensioners such as deforestation and land pressure manifested by the expansion of agribusiness ventures on remaining areas of rural communities of quilombos, threatening the sustainability of family agriculture and natural resources beyond the difficulties of access to policies that specifically guarantee them land ownership, food security and other possibilities of non-agricultural income. Throughout the work are presented forms of resource use by the community their perception of the risks arising from the advance of agribusiness near Bonsucesso. With the methodology, we interviewed 43 (forty-three) residents designated by local leaders, using a semi-structured questionnaire and conducting meetings and interviews with other villagers. Among the production strategies were identified: itinerant agriculture, backyards, extraction of babassu and artisanal fishing. And despite the Bonsucesso community still not be prevented from exercising their way of life and continue to use their production strategies, there is the advance of agribusiness in the municipality according to data from Brazilian Istituto of Geografia and statistics.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2014-03-28T00:00:00ZUSO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NO ENTORNO DOS LAGOS CAJARI E FORMOSO, PENALVA-MA, APA BAIXADA MARANHENSE, E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NAS VARIÁVEIS LIMNOLÓGICAS
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/1219
Título: USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO NO ENTORNO DOS LAGOS CAJARI E FORMOSO, PENALVA-MA, APA BAIXADA MARANHENSE, E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NAS VARIÁVEIS LIMNOLÓGICAS
Autor: Miranda, Glaciane Penha Everton
Primeiro orientador: BARBIERI, Ricardo
Abstract: This work was carried out with the objective of verifying whether the soil use and occupation near the Lakes Cajari and Formoso, Penalva MA, in the Environmental Protection Area of Baixada Maranhense, exert influence on these lakes limnological variables. The study of the soil use and occupation was made by means of the analysis and interpretation of satellite Landsat 5-TM images from the two lakes studied, with 30 meter spatial resolution at the image bands 3, 4 and 5 regarding to the years 1990 and 2004. For the analysis of some limnological variables, two samplings were made in the dry period and one in the rainy period. The results for Cajari Lake indicated that the area occupied by the lake teorically remained the same, even after the construction of a dam near the town; the urban area has become tripled at that time interval; the capoeira vegetation left by the agricultural use were invaded by the babaçu vegetation; the extensive cattle creation is a human activity which is contributing for water chemical change and despite of all tensions which the lake is tolerating, such as urban occupation and deforestation at its margins, it maintain satisfactory their sanitary conditions. For Formoso Lake, the results showed it is well preserved in relation to Cajari Lake whereas it presented very discrete modifications, though their margins suffer constant collisions with the floating islands; it was not possible to evidence by means of satellite images the urban occupation near the lake because of the rustic model of residences, which is an important factor for its preservation. Comparing the lakes shape, Formoso Lake is stretched while Cajari Lake trends to a dendritic form. This fact explains the compartiment structure of the limnological characteristics verified at the last one. In conformation with the resolution N. 357/2005 of the National Environmental Council (CONAMA), the studied lakes are classified as freshwater bodies, category 2.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2006-11-29T00:00:00Z