TEDE Coleção:https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6712026-04-13T00:36:43Z2026-04-13T00:36:43ZProdução de hidrogênio verde no Maranhão: análise de potenciais áreas e da viabilidade técnico-econômicaFIGUEIREDO, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigueshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/65892025-11-05T15:47:34Z2025-04-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Produção de hidrogênio verde no Maranhão: análise de potenciais áreas e da viabilidade técnico-econômica
Autor: FIGUEIREDO, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues
Primeiro orientador: NASCIMENTO, Ulisses Magalhães
Abstract: Hydrogen plays an increasingly important role as an energy carrier in global
decarbonization efforts. Its production through electrolysis, a technique that uses
electrical energy to dissociate water into H2(g) and O2(g), presents a sustainable
solution when coupled with renewable energy sources such as wind and solar.
This study analyzes the potential for Green Hydrogen (GH) generation in the state
of Maranhão, Brazil, through the implementation of a hydrogen plant with an
installed capacity of 90 MW, capable of generating 13,365 tons of GH annually
over a 22-year period. Two water sourcing options are considered: seawater and
river water, from locations with the highest availability of this resource in the state,
while taking into account the existing logistics and infrastructure for each site.
Additionally, two renewable energy plants — wind and solar — are proposed,
each supplying 50 % of the total energy demand (699.24 GWh/year) from the
highest potential generation areas in the state for each source, to supply the
demand of the plant connected to the National Interconnected System (SIN).
Based on these premises, the results indicate significant potential for the
implementation of this technology in the region. The calculations show that the
cost of H2V production in São Luís/MA would be US$ 3.54/kgH2V, with a selling
price of US$ 4.50/kgH2V to make the project attractive to investors, considering
a Minimum Attractive Rate (TMA) of 10 % and a maximum payback of 12 years.
In Bacabeira/MA, the production cost would be US$ 3.39/kgH2V, with a selling
price of US$ 3.50/kgH2V. The pricing calculation methodology indicated that
electricity is the most significant component for determining the hydrogen cost in
Maranhão (83.5 %), and it is in this input where the greatest potential for cost
reduction is found.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2025-04-30T00:00:00ZDESCARBONIZAÇÃO DO PORTO DO ITAQUI: Levantamento da estimativa das emissões de CO2 pelos navios enquanto atracados entre 2022 e 2024SANTOS, Vitor Renato Pereirahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/65722025-11-03T17:57:29Z2025-04-28T00:00:00ZTítulo: DESCARBONIZAÇÃO DO PORTO DO ITAQUI: Levantamento da estimativa das emissões de CO2 pelos navios enquanto atracados entre 2022 e 2024
Autor: SANTOS, Vitor Renato Pereira
Primeiro orientador: OLIVEIRA, Clovis Bosco Mendonça
Abstract: The maritime sector is responsible for a significant share of global greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions, particularly during port operations. Among these, emissions
produced while ships are berthed account for a substantial portion of the port's carbon
footprint. This study aims to estimate the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emitted by
vessels during berthing at the Port of Itaqui between 2022 and 2024, with the goal of
supporting decarbonisation strategies, particularly the adoption of shore-side electricity
supply systems. The methodology was based on the parameters of the Fourth IMO
GHG Study, using operational data provided by the port authority. Equations were
applied to estimate the energy consumption of auxiliary engines, the burning of marine
fuels (MGO/MDO and HFO), and the corresponding CO₂ emissions. The results
indicate that, over the analysed period, port operations emitted between 51.08 kt and
52.29 kt of CO₂. Tankers were identified as the main emitters due to their higher energy
demand, followed by bulk carriers. Berths dedicated to liquid bulk operations were
responsible for the highest emission volumes. The study highlights the urgent need for
public policies and investment aimed at modernising port infrastructure, particularly
through the implementation of OPS systems as a feasible strategy for reducing
emissions in Brazilian port areas.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2025-04-28T00:00:00ZRegulamentação do mercado de créditos de carbono no Brasil: desafios e perspectivasSousa, Fabio Henriquehttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/64612025-08-28T13:15:15Z2025-04-28T00:00:00ZTítulo: Regulamentação do mercado de créditos de carbono no Brasil: desafios e perspectivas
Autor: Sousa, Fabio Henrique
Primeiro orientador: França, Lucylea Gonçalves
Abstract: The carbon credit market emerged as a tool to address climate change by incentivizing the
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Rooted in international agreements such as the Kyoto
Protocol and the Paris Agreement, the market has evolved to include several legal and
economic frameworks around the world. In Brazil, the establishment of Law No. 15,042 of
December 11, 2024, which established the basis for the creation of the Brazilian Greenhouse
Gas Emissions Reduction Trading System, marks a significant but not decisive step in the
process of regulating the sector and formalizing the country's participation in this global
initiative. The main objective of this paper was to examine the origins and legal concepts of
carbon credits, the national regulatory framework, and the prospects for the Brazilian carbon
market, highlighting its potential for economic, social, and environmental impact. The study
proposed to discuss the parameters for the functioning of the carbon credit market in Brazil and
its origins, using the exploratory methodology and bibliographic research based on
international studies and regulations addressing its origins, legal concepts, the Brazilian
regulatory framework, including Law No. 15,042/24 which institutes the Brazilian
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Trading System, and its perspectives, highlighting its
role in promoting sustainable development and combating climate change. In conclusion, the
paper also explores the competitive advantages of the Brazilian market, including its
biodiversity, clean energy matrix, and strategic sectors such as renewable energy, low-carbon
agriculture, and forest conservation. It emphasizes the need for harmonized policies,
technological innovation, and inclusive participation of small producers and traditional
communities. Through critical analysis, the research presents incentive mechanisms and
investment strategies, such as the establishment of a national carbon exchange, the promotion
of public-private partnerships, and the development of climate finance funds. It highlights the
integration of carbon projects with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
as an opportunity to increase their global appeal and amplify social and environmental
impacts. The conclusions highlight the importance of addressing challenges related to
bureaucracy, environmental reputation, and technological limitations. Integrated climate
governance and the recognition of co-benefits of carbon projects, such as biodiversity
conservation and income generation for local communities, are essential to strengthen the
market. Brazil's natural and strategic advantages position it as a potential leader in the global
carbon market, provided that the suggested measures are implemented and international
cooperation is prioritized.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2025-04-28T00:00:00ZSistemas de Climatização como alternativa sustentável para implementação de ar-condicionado em âmbito hospitalar na cidade de São Luís-MAMAIA, Thiago dos Santoshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/64332025-08-13T11:43:37Z2025-02-10T00:00:00ZTítulo: Sistemas de Climatização como alternativa sustentável para implementação de ar-condicionado em âmbito hospitalar na cidade de São Luís-MA
Autor: MAIA, Thiago dos Santos
Primeiro orientador: COELHO, Paulo Henrique da Silva Leite
Abstract: In the hospital setting, air conditioning systems can ensure thermal comfort and air
quality, both beneficial for the health of patients and for the activities carried out by the
healthcare team. The general objective of this research is to investigate the feasibility
of implementing a sustainable air conditioning system, based on renewable energy, for
the ICU at HUUFMA, in comparison with a conventional vapor compression system,
through the energy simulation of each proposal. This is an applied research with a
quantitative and exploratory approach, which initially identified the characterization of
the constructive, thermohygrometric properties, and the solar positioning of the ICU in
relation to the building. Subsequently, the thermal load calculation and energy analysis
of both proposed systems were performed. The simulation of both systems considered
energy efficiency, energy demand, and environmental impact. The results showed that
the total thermal load calculation was 67.86 kW (19.3 TR), corresponding to the heat
removal demand required for the ICU operation. Based on this demand, the energy
simulation of the vapor compression chiller indicated a consumption of 732.96
kWh/day, with a refrigeration capacity of 87.92 kW (or 25 TR) and a coefficient of
performance of 2.88 for a 24-hour operation. Meanwhile, the energy simulation of an
absorption chiller was 246,093.80 kWh/year, with a refrigeration capacity of 88 kW (or
25 TR) and a coefficient of performance of 0.70 for a 6-hour operation. It is concluded
that the absorption chiller air conditioning system has the potential to replace the vapor
compression system during periods of high cooling demand, contributing to a reduction
in CO2 emissions due to its activity.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2025-02-10T00:00:00Z