https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/282 2026-04-12T05:00:37Z 2026-04-12T05:00:37Z PINHEIRO, Romulo Sampaio https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6885 2026-04-07T16:29:50Z 2020-02-28T00:00:00Z

Título: “BIOMARCADORES DE EXPOSIÇÃO E EFEITO EM Crassostrea rhizophorae EXPOSTAS AOS BIOCIDAS CLOROTALONIL E DCOIT” Autor: PINHEIRO, Romulo Sampaio Primeiro orientador: JORGE, Marianna Basso Abstract: The effects of chlorothalonil and DCOIT biocides were evaluated in juveniles of Crassostrea rhizophorae through acute exposure (96 horas) to sublethal concentrations (0.1 μg/L and 10 μg/L). Toxicity was investigated by checking biochemical changes such as biotransformation capacity (glutathione Stransferase-GST activity), oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation-LPO) and cholinergic disorders (acetylcholinesterase-AChE activity) in gills, adductor muscle, and digestive gland tissue. The results showed that both compounds are toxic to oysters, leading to alterations in biotransformation capacity, an increase in lipid peroxidation and inhibition of the cholinergic system. Therefore, it is concluded that both compounds promote harmful effects to the studied species, which can be used as biomarkers of environmental contamination. In addition, the results confirm the potential use of Crassostrea rhizophorae as a monitoring organism for the analysis of these biomarkers in the environment. Moreover, it should be emphasized, the need for further studies in order to elucidate the biocides mode of actions. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2020-02-28T00:00:00Z SOARES, Lailda Brito https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6882 2026-04-07T13:43:07Z 2025-09-29T00:00:00Z

Título: Flora de Hypericaceae Juss. (Malpighiales) no Maranhão, Brasil Autor: SOARES, Lailda Brito Primeiro orientador: MARINHO, Lucas Cardoso Abstract: Malpighiales are one of the most diverse orders among angiosperms, with 36 families, 716 genera, and about 16,000 species. The morphological characteristics common to Malpighiales families are scarce, but there is molecular phylogenetic evidence supporting the formation of taxonomic groupings. In this order, the clusioid clade is composed of Bonnetiaceae, Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae, Hypericaceae, and Podostemaceae. Currently, Hypericaceae has five genera distributed in temperate and tropical regions around the globe. In Brazil, there are two genera, Hypericum L. and Vismia Vand., with confirmed occurrence in all states of the country. Vismia, which has a neotropical distribution from Mexico to southeastern Brazil, is the only genus of the family found in Maranhão. The genus stands out among the Hypericaceae due to its wide distribution in the Americas, diversity, and high phytotherapeutic potential. An important ecological characteristic is that Vismia generally occurs as a pioneer in secondary forests, where it plays a crucial role in ecological succession and the restoration of native vegetation. This dissertation presents i) taxonomic studies on Vismia species occurring in the state of Maranhão and ii) an anatomical study of one of these species, V. guianensis. The dissertation is organized into two chapters: the first presents taxonomic results obtained through collections and analyses of collections, such as descriptions, photographic records, identification keys, and illustrations of the five species that occur in Maranhão, namely Vismia cayennensis, V. gracilis, V. guianensis, V. sandwithii, and V. tenuinervia. The second chapter presents the leaf and flower anatomy of V. guianensis. Therefore, this study contributes to the knowledge of the flora of Maranhão, detailing the taxonomic diversity of species of the genus Vismia occurring in the state, as well as providing an anatomical analysis of Vismia guianensis, contributing to regional botany and elucidating knowledge of the Hypericaceae family. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2025-09-29T00:00:00Z VIANA, Luciana Sirqueira https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6818 2026-03-04T16:32:42Z 2021-11-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Diversidade de flebotomíneos e epidemiologia das leishmanioses no nordeste do Maranhão, Brasil, no período de 2010-2019 Autor: VIANA, Luciana Sirqueira Primeiro orientador: REBELO, Jose Manuel Macario Abstract: Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis that affects some species of animals and also humans, being considered a serious public health problem. The study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological aspects of both cutaneous leishmaniasis (LT) and visceral leishmaniasis (LV) and the diversity of sandflies between the years 2010 to 2019 in the municipality of Chapadinha - MA. For this, data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) were used from January 2010 to December 2019, and the sand flies were compiled in the files of the entomology laboratories of the Federal University of Maranhão, in Chapadinha and São Luís. 367 cases of LT and 151 cases of LV were reported, with the highest frequency of notifications in males (LT: 61.85% and LV: 64.90%) and in the urban area (LT: 55.04% and LV : 74.17%). Regarding occupation, in LT the most affected patients were in the occupation of farmers (56.7%), followed by retirees (16.35%), while in LV the disease prevailed in the occupation of students (21.85%). , followed by farmers (20.53%). In relation to age groups, the LT results showed a higher percentage in the most productive ages, predominantly in the age group of 30 - 39 years (18.80%), followed by 50-59 years (14.99%) and 20-29 years (13.62%), while in VL the results showed a higher percentage in children aged 1 to 5 years (35.1%) and 6 to 10 years (15.23%) and in productive ages between 20 and 29 years (14.57%). In the study municipality, 36 sand fly species were reported, including Lutzomyia longipalpis, the vector of LV, and Nyssomyia whitmani, Ny. flaviscutellata, Ny. antunesi, Ny. umbratilis and Psychodopygus wellcomei, LT vectors, distributed in wild, rural and urban areas. Thus, leishmaniasis still constitutes a serious public health problem, affecting people without distinction. The data presented in this work provide basic subsidies on leishmaniasis that can be used by the epidemiological and entomological surveillance services of the secretary of health to direct effective measures to control these important diseases. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2021-11-25T00:00:00Z DIAS, Héllida Negrão https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6796 2026-02-27T15:19:38Z 2024-11-29T00:00:00Z

Título: PESCA DE RAIAS MARINHO-ESTUARINAS NO LITORAL AMAZÔNICO BRASILEIRO E DESCRIÇÃO DA SUA CADEIA PRODUTIVA POR MEIO DO MONITORAMENTO DO DESEMBARQUE E CONHECIMENTO ECOLÓGICO LOCAL Autor: DIAS, Héllida Negrão Primeiro orientador: NUNES, Jorge Luiz Silva Abstract: The artisanal fishing fleet is directly related to the decline in estuarine ray populations around the world and has been attributed mainly to incidental fishing. The Brazilian Amazon coast is considered an important region for fishing resources, capable of moving a complex local production chain. We monitored the landing of rays in a busy lading point with biweekly sampling for consecutive 13 months. In addition, interviews were conducted with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire to various stakeholders in the production chain of the ray fishing. Resulting data encompassed the composition, abundance, and frequency of occurrence of species landed, methods and gear types used for catch, main catch locations, estimates of biomass and yield, characterization of processing cuts, as well as the description of the structure of the supply chain. The specimens observed in landings were described as resulting from various types of fishing gear and vessels, configuring a complex and stratified supply chain. The species Hypanus guttatus (58,2%), Hypanus geijskesi (21,4%) and Rhinoptera spp (16,9%) were the most important species observed, presenting the highest values of abundance, frequency of occurrence, biomass, yield index and also the most common in trade. The supply chain showed stratification in four links: fishers, intermediaries I, intermediaries II and external traders conducting intermunicipal and interstate trade, as well as distributing to large supermarket chains. We conclude that ray fishing does not occur incidentally in our study area; in fact, rays are considered a secondary fishing resource, with high biomass and stable landings supporting the maintenance of a profitable and reliable supply chain year-round. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2024-11-29T00:00:00Z