TEDE Coleção:https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/15782024-02-23T10:42:34Z2024-02-23T10:42:34ZA Resex Tauá–Mirim como expressão do conflito das linguagens de valoração: racismo ambiental, necropolítica e des-envolvimentoLOPÉZ, Julio Itzayán Anayahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/51612024-02-22T13:57:59Z2023-11-10T00:00:00ZTítulo: A Resex Tauá–Mirim como expressão do conflito das linguagens de valoração: racismo ambiental, necropolítica e des-envolvimento
Autor: LOPÉZ, Julio Itzayán Anaya
Primeiro orientador: SANT'ANNA JÚNIOR, Horácio Antunes de
Abstract: The focus of this thesis is the analysis and deconstruction of the hegemonic concept of development based on the experiences and perceptions of local agents from three traditional communities in belonging to the Resex Tauá-Mirim. The aim is to understand the social life of some traditional communities, how they understand nature, (re)-affirm their collective identity and what strategies they weave in opposition to the hegemonic model of hegemonic development model, mobilizing to defend their right to exist. The questions that guide the research are: how concepts that are intended to be universal - development and modernity - come into "friction" with the experiences of local agents in the of the local agents of the Resex communities; what is the language of valuing nature among the members of these members of these communities that end up directing them in favor of legalizing the Resex?; in what way are they expressed and materialized in the communities that make up the Resex Tauá-Mirim, environmental racism and necropolitics are expressed and materialized, shaping what is presented as as de-development?
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-11-10T00:00:00ZMorrer nas Morrarias: autonomia, dignidade e formas de solidariedade nas situações de morte no Parque Nacional dos Lençóis MaranhensesSILVA, Maristhela Rodrigues dahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/50852023-12-18T17:31:09Z2021-08-13T00:00:00ZTítulo: Morrer nas Morrarias: autonomia, dignidade e formas de solidariedade nas situações de morte no Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses
Autor: SILVA, Maristhela Rodrigues da
Primeiro orientador: SOUZA FILHO, Benedito
Abstract: The events associated with situations of death can be understood as an expression of
autonomy, dignity and forms of solidarity between the families that make up the traditional
communities of the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (PNLM). Even before the creation
of this entire protection conservation unit, many families already live in the Park, having
ways of life based on specific forms of interaction with the biophysical environment. The
autonomy of families in these traditional communities and their sociocultural particularities
is not expressed only through traditionally carried out activities, such as agriculture, fishing,
animal breeding and craft production, but also through associative forms. Among the
associative forms of these traditional communities, we highlight the Funerary Associations,
created to respond to material and ceremonial needs related to situations of death. Funeral
Associations represent an organizational model characterized by the associative
participation of family members from different traditional communities in the PNLM. In
situations of death, each member contributes a small amount of money and the amount
collected by the Associations allows the creation of a fund to cover all the items and
expenses indispensable to the funeral rituals of the mourning Family. Taking the functioning
of these Funeral Associations as a reference, the thesis aims to understand the foundations
of the autonomy of families to deal with situations of death based on the activation of these
networks of associates. These initiatives are also interpreted at work as strategies to break,
on the one hand, with the forms of welfare dependence on local power and, on the other, to
ensure autonomy to respond to material, symbolic, cultural and ceremonial demands related
to death situations. Having many other types of associations (religious, residents, mothers
clubs), the one that seems to work most effectively is precisely the one that deals with
demands related to the end of life, which proposes to solve the needs of related families in
cases of death. By dedicating attention to the functioning of Funeral Associations in meeting
the demands of families, we can understand not only the ceremonial aspects in relation to
situations of death, but also the forms of solidarity and autonomy of families and the moral,
economic, legal and symbolic principles that such situations behave.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2021-08-13T00:00:00ZEu queria ver o mar e tô batendo cabeça: (auto)reflexividades sobre a educação superior indígena na/da UEMAMUNIZ, Sérgio César Corrêa Soareshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/50532023-11-21T03:05:24Z2023-08-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Eu queria ver o mar e tô batendo cabeça: (auto)reflexividades sobre a educação superior indígena na/da UEMA
Autor: MUNIZ, Sérgio César Corrêa Soares
Primeiro orientador: COELHO, Elisabeth Maria Beserra
Abstract: This thesis is the result of a theoretical-methodological investment whose
motivation is the presence of indigenous people in higher education in Maranhão.
The main source of the results presented in this work were the academic
experiences of indigenous men and women who attended the first Intercultural
Degree for Indigenous Basic Education in the state (LIEBI), offered by the State
University of Maranhão (UEMA), between the years 2016 and 2022. In this sense,
this work is an attempt to construct an anthropological analysis about the
meanings and meanings that indigenous academics and academics of LIEBI
have constructed from their formative processes. Academic training has been
sought by indigenous people throughout the country as an instrument to
strengthen their movements, struggles and demands. Following the trails of
ethnography in the interstices, a methodological approach in which the
researcher is situated in the "colonial difference" and becomes aware of it,
directing his investigations to the social processes and ethical-political projects
that he integrates as a participant and active subject, it has been possible to affirm
that the crossings made by the indigenous throughout their training in the
Indigenous Intercultural Degree of UEMA express the (im)possibilities of
interculturality. From the (in)compatibilities between the epistemologies of the self
and the epistemology of the academic world, the indigenous people began to
weave "gnosiologic arrangements" (COLEHO and MUNIZ, 2020) by
appropriating western categories and concepts, by which it has been possible to
overcome epistemic collisions – a malaise with academic terms and bureaucracy
– and to envision epistemic coalitions, alliances between distinct knowledge
matrices, present in the intellectual productions of the indigenous and with which
they can fight and resist ethnocentric misconceptions about their lives and their
future projects, thus resisting epistemicide and the forces of coloniality.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-08-30T00:00:00ZAs novas imagens do pitoresco: turismo e comodificação da natureza no Parque Nacional dos Lençóis MaranhensesCOSTA, Benedita de Cássia Ferreirahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/49852023-09-26T13:50:55Z2023-02-28T00:00:00ZTítulo: As novas imagens do pitoresco: turismo e comodificação da natureza no Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses
Autor: COSTA, Benedita de Cássia Ferreira
Primeiro orientador: SOUZA FILHO, Benedito
Abstract: The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (PNLM), established as an integral protection
conservation unit in 1981, is currently one of the most desired tourist destinations for
people from all over the world. Despite its natural attractions, it is a territory marked by
tensions, disputes, and socio-environmental conflicts due to the historical presence of
families from traditional communities, even before it was established, who traditionally
live there and develop their economic activities and others related to tourism. As a tourist
destination, the PNLM is constructed by the social imaginary as a place that possesses a
paradisiacal, untouched nature, disconnected from human production and, due to these
social constructions, it becomes a propitious destination for economic exploitation by
agents linked to the tourism chain. In this scenario, the image becomes an instrument of
reproduction and perpetuation of such imaginary, helping not only to conform and
consolidate the view of nature, but also serving as an effective tool of mediation and
seduction of the gaze for the tourist consumption of nature in the PNLM. Anchored in
this problematic, the present work pays attention to the process of constitution of images
that forge and portray the PNLM as paradise, elaborated by different agents in the process
of commodification of nature. Such analytical effort is carried out from some axes of
discussion as: the understanding of the notion of commodification of nature and the role
of tourism in this process; the historical and anthropological understanding of tourism
and its routes through nature, especially in the so-called protected areas, privileging the
case of the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park; the problematization of the image that
led to the identification of aesthetic films, such as the picturesque and the instagrammable,
and its role in the process of manufacturing of the view of nature, which is shaped for
tourism consumption in that conservation unit. Based on a qualitative methodology, built
in the form of a circuit, it contemplates ethnographic information from fieldwork, carried
out in Barreirinhas and Santo Amaro (2019-2022); bibliographic surveys, investigation
in secondary sources such as official documents, reports, tourism magazines; research in
image repository and social networks, photography books, photo essays; thus, allowing
to transit between images, narratives and practices elaborated by several agents (agency
owners, guides, attendants, salespeople, tourists, local entrepreneurs, natives) involved
with the tourist activity in PNLM. The central issue of this thesis is related to the power
that underlies the elaboration of images that crystallize the nature of the PNLM, which
resides in the updating of the picturesque and in the incorporation of new aesthetics, such
as Instagram, being able not only to convince the eye, mediating the decisions of nature
consumption through tourism, but also to invisibilize the existence of traditional
populations that live there, from frames that highlight nature as a scenario, composed only
by white and winding dunes and lagoons with crystal clear waters under a blue summer
sky.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Tese2023-02-28T00:00:00Z