TEDE Coleção:https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/12832024-03-28T14:42:28Z2024-03-28T14:42:28ZAtividade osteoindutora da fotobiomodulação nos comprimentos de onda vermelho e infravermelho em modelo ex vivo de remodelação ósseaFURTADO, Guilherme Silvahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/51372024-02-15T14:45:25Z2023-12-27T00:00:00ZTítulo: Atividade osteoindutora da fotobiomodulação nos comprimentos de onda vermelho e infravermelho em modelo ex vivo de remodelação óssea
Autor: FURTADO, Guilherme Silva
Primeiro orientador: LAGO, Andréa Dias Neves
Abstract: Introduction: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) utilizes non-ionizing light at specific
wavelengths to activate endogenous chromophores, modulating metabolic pathways,
and inducing beneficial biological outcomes. Focused on wavelengths such as blue
violet, green, red, and near-infrared, PBM has been applied in various therapeutic
conditions, including brain injuries, wound healing, and bone regeneration. Objective:
The study assessed the effects of PBM on bone remodeling in a physiological setting,
using an ex vivo model of chicken embryonic femur. The research aimed to
comprehend the molecular and cellular impacts of PBM on bone tissue and fill gaps in
its efficacy and application protocols. Methodology: 5 fertilized chicken eggs (Gallus
domesticus) were incubated in the Octagon 40 ECO egg incubator (Brinsea, UK) at a
temperature of 37°C and 50% humidity. On the 11th day, the embryos were sacrificed,
and the whole femurs were carefully dissected, removing soft tissues such as
ligaments and adherent muscles. The femurs were then placed in Netwell culture
inserts, which have a polyester membrane with pores of 440μm and 30mm in diameter
(Corning, Arizona, USA). The femurs were cultured in 6-well tissue culture plates
(Corning, Arizona, USA) containing 1mL of basal culture medium, composed of 1mL
of αMEM, 100U/mL penicillin, 100μg/mL streptomycin, 2.5μg/mL amphotericin B, 50
μg/mL ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (all from Sigma). The femurs were divided into
control and treatment groups (n=5). In the treatment groups, low-power diode laser
irradiation was performed using red (660nm) and infrared (808nm) wavelengths.
Continuous irradiation mode and a dose of 33.33J/cm2 were applied, corresponding
to 10s, 100mW, so that each specimen received 1.0J of energy dose per irradiation.
The femurs were irradiated four times during the 11 days of culture - immediately after
dissection and 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days after the first irradiation. As a
standardization measure, a distance of 1mm was defined between the laser source
and the samples to avoid light dissipation and maximize energy absorption. The
analysis was conducted on day 11, involving histochemical staining, histological
analysis, and gene expression. Results: Irradiated femurs showed an increase in the
mineralized area, suggesting higher osteoblastic activity at both wavelengths.
Histological analysis indicated increased collagen deposition and maturation in the
irradiated groups, with more pronounced effects in the infrared group. Gene expression
revealed a significant increase in RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) and
SOX9 (SRY-like HMG [High-Mobility Group] Box 9), indicating enhanced
osteochondrogenic commitment, along with a trend of reduction in SOST (Sclerostin).
Conclusion: The results suggest that PBM, especially in red and infrared wavelengths,
not only preserves bone structure but actively promotes bone formation under
physiological conditions. This study provides a solid foundation for future investigations
into the clinical application of PBM in bone regeneration.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-12-27T00:00:00ZEstrutura de radiologia nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) do Brasil: avanços e desafios CAMPOS, Magda Lyce Rodrigueshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/50822023-12-14T15:04:46Z2022-12-22T00:00:00ZTítulo: Estrutura de radiologia nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) do Brasil: avanços e desafios
Autor: CAMPOS, Magda Lyce Rodrigues
Primeiro orientador: THOMAZ, Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca
Abstract: Dental radiology (DR) is the specialty that is dedicated to the study and practice of the
complementary diagnostic method through image exams of the orofacial region and has
the purpose of initial evaluation, control and final evaluation of a treatment. The Unified
Health System (SUS, in portuguese) offers DR services mostly in Dental Specialty
Centers (CEO, in portuguese). The aim was to analyze the DR services structure available
in CEO in Brazil, to identify advances and challenges between 2014 and 2018. This is an
ecological study, using data from the external evaluation of the cycles of the Access and
Quality Improvement Program-CEO (PMAQ-CEO), Cycle I (c1), in 2014 and Cycle II
(c2), in 2018.We included all CEO evaluated at both times (n: 889). Latent class transition
analysis was used to identify patterns for CEO structure in relation to DR, latent status
(LS). Of the CEO evaluated, the largest number was in the Northeast (n:340, 38.25%). In
c1, 20.25% of CEO had a dental radiologist and in c2, 10.35%. 3.82% had a panoramic
radiography device, in c1 and in c2, 5.29%. In c1, 47.58% of CEO had an exclusive room
for DR and in c2, 51.86%. Most had at least one periapical radiograph, a lead apron with
thyroid protector, a câmara obscura, and a negatoscope. The model with 3 SL was used,
which were named: (1) Best structure for DR (n:377); (2) Median structure for DR (n:
379) and (3) Worst structure for DR (n:133). The transition analysis of latent classes
showed that no CEO belonging to the “better structure” class presented a worsening
between 2014 and 2018,4.3% of the median CEO and 16.6% of the worst CEO moved to
the best structure status between cycles, while 66.3% of the CEO transitioned from the
“worst” SL to the “Medium Structure”. It is concluded that there was an improvement in
the structure of dental radiology in CEO in Brazil, except for specialized professionals,
pointing to the need to restructure the human resources policy in the SUS.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2022-12-22T00:00:00ZAvaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória do óleo essencial da bergamota em modelo animal de periodontiteMOREIRA, Amanda Pereirahttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/46662023-05-19T12:47:22Z2020-12-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória do óleo essencial da bergamota em modelo animal de periodontite
Autor: MOREIRA, Amanda Pereira
Primeiro orientador: CRUZ, Maria Carmen Fontoura Nogueira da
Abstract: Periodontitis consists of a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by tissue
inflammation associated with progressive loss of gingival insertion, bone resorption and
apical migration of the junctional epithelium. Periodontal health needs a controlled
immune-inflammatory state that can maintain homeostasis in the microorganism-host
relationship; however, in periodontitis, the host's immune response is deregulated. An
inflammatory mediator that seems to play a fundamental role in the evolution of
periodontitis is nitric oxide (NO), which is a free radical produced from L-arginine by the
action of enzymes called nitric oxide synthases. Inflammatory stimuli activate iNOS
(inducible nitric oxide synthase) in several cells, including osteoclasts and osteoblasts,
resulting in increased production of NO in the tissues and acting on bone resorption. Some
therapeutic strategies based on the use of plant extracts have been investigated to modulate
the inflammatory response, including periodontitis. From this perspective, bergamot
essential oil (BEO) has shown promising results and, therefore, the hypothesis raised in the
present study is that the use of BEO has an anti-inflammatory effect and reduces alveolar
bone loss suggesting potential adjunctive action in mechanical periodontal therapy in an
induced periodontitis model. The anti-inflammatory properties of BEO were evaluated by
means of an in vivo study in a model of ligature-induced periodontitis in rats and an in silico
analysis of the main compounds of BEO (linalyl acetate and linalool) to verify possible
absorption routes, oral bioavailability and toxic effects. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were
included in the study and divided into 3 groups: 1) Control Group (n = 8): rats without
ligature that received daily gavage with vehicle (DMSO 2%); 2) Ligature group (n = 8): rats
with ligature that received daily gavage with vehicle; 3) Ligature + BEO group (n = 8): rats
with ligature that received daily gavage with BEO (0.1 ml / kg in vehicle). After 15 days,
the animals were sacrificed and samples of gingival tissues around the lower first molars,
as well as the hemimandibles, were collected and stored. Analyzes of total protein
concentration and nitric oxide production were performed. Bone resorption was evaluated
by morphometric method in the mesial region of the first left lower molars. The ANOVA
test followed by Tukey was used in the statistical analysis, adopting a significance level of
5%. Regarding the total protein concentration, the ligature and ligature + BEO groups
showed a significant increase when compared to the control group (p <0.05). The ligature
and ligature + BEO groups also showed higher NO production in the gingival tissue when
compared to the control group (p <0.05). Regarding alveolar bone resorption, there was a statistically significant reduction (p <0.05) in the ligature + BEO group when compared to
the ligature group. In the in silico analysis, the BEO compounds demonstrate high
gastrointestinal absorption and are in accordance with the criteria of the Lipinski rule.
Linalyl acetate showed LD50 of 12000 mg / kg and class 6 toxicity. The findings suggest
that the use of BEO can reduce alveolar bone loss in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis,
even without reducing NO production in the gingival tissue. The main compounds of BEO
showed high gastrointestinal absorption, good oral bioavailability and low potential for
toxicity.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2020-12-01T00:00:00ZDoença periodontal correlacionada ao autocuidado e educação regular em pacientes com síndrome de downSOUSA, Joana Albuquerque Bastos dehttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/45962023-03-20T11:58:49Z2022-01-11T00:00:00ZTítulo: Doença periodontal correlacionada ao autocuidado e educação regular em pacientes com síndrome de down
Autor: SOUSA, Joana Albuquerque Bastos de
Primeiro orientador: BENATTI, Bruno Braga
Abstract: Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition caused by an error in the chromosome pair
21. It is characterized by changes in cognitive, physical and behavioral development, the
which can directly compromise the performance of daily activities. regular schools and/or
Trained professionals can improve these children with practical skills that help them
in carrying out these activities. Patients with DS have a greater predisposition to Periodontal Disease (PD), which manifests itself in a generalized way, with rapid progression and with more severity. Objective: To explore whether there is a relationship between periodontal disease, self-care and education
regular in patients with DS. Methods: It is a cross-sectional observational study, carried out with
49 patients with DS, 22 men and 27 women. Data collection was performed at the clinic
Dentistry of the Dentistry Course at the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA). Initially, a questionnaire was applied to obtain sociodemographic data and the evaluation
of the level of functional independence of the patients, and after a clinical oral examination was performed
to obtain the following periodontal clinical parameters: probing depth (PS),
clinical attachment level (NIC), gingival bleeding index (ISG), and visible plaque index
(IPV).Result: Our sample is represented by the mean age of 23.4 ± 9.1 years,
have family income mostly between 1 and 3 minimum wages (57.1%), and with 42.8%
of those responsible having a level of education up to high school. Regarding
to reports of oral hygiene, 65.3% of the sample performed toothbrushing at least 3 times
a day and also reported that they used dental floss with a frequency of 46.9%. Our data
revealed that 38.8% of participants had moderate periodontitis and 24.5% had severe periodontitis. Regarding self-care, it was observed that the highest frequencies are related to: eating alone (91.8%), using the bathroom alone (91.8%), dressing alone home (85.7%) and using the phone alone (53.06%). The hygiene orientation experience
oral cavity contributed to increase the daily brushing frequency (SRC = .280, SE = .134, P =
.036), and it was observed that greater functional independence is associated with less periodontal compromise. It was also noted that the older the individual, the greater the compromised periodontal condition (P <.001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that self-care is a factor that can positively influence periodontal health, which has also been
directly influenced by the age of the volunteers. Furthermore, our sample did not show
direct relationship between regular or special education and better periodontal parameters. Although,
a direct relationship was observed between better sociodemographic status and the frequency present or
passed in regular education.
Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2022-01-11T00:00:00Z