https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/1013 2026-05-25T14:12:01Z 2026-05-25T14:12:01Z LIMA, Alícia Cardoso https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6978 2026-05-19T14:14:02Z 2026-04-24T00:00:00Z

Título: Insegurança alimentar e sustentabilidade alimentar no Brasil: interseções entre o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, desigualdade racial e pegada de carbono da dieta Autor: LIMA, Alícia Cardoso Primeiro orientador: COSTA, Andréa Suzana Vieira Abstract: Current food systems are characterized by increasing industrialization, globalization, long supply chains, and the intensification of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption. These factors have contributed to a global syndemic marked by the pandemics of obesity and malnutrition, exacerbated by climate change and with significant impacts on food security (FS), particularly among Black populations and socially vulnerable groups, thereby deepening inequalities. In this context, Chapter I of this dissertation presents an integrative review aimed at summarizing the dietary patterns of the Black Brazilian population and identifying the determinants of their food choices. The search was conducted across six databases (SCOPUS, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, and MEDLINE), in Portuguese and English, in addition to a manual reference search, resulting in the inclusion of 14 cross-sectional studies. The analysis revealed higher consumption of beans, carbohydrates, meats, and fats, and lower consumption of fruits, vegetables, ultra-processed foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fast food among mixed-race (pardo), Black, and quilombola populations, with influences from socioeconomic, racial, demographic, and territorial determinants. Chapter II aimed to analyze the association between UPF consumption and levels of food (in)security in the Brazilian population through a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the 2017–2018 Household Budget Survey (POF), with a representative sample of 46,164 individuals aged 10 years or older. Food security was assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, and dietary intake was obtained through a 24-hour recall and classified according to the NOVA system, considering demographic and socioeconomic variables. The results showed higher consumption of unprocessed and minimally processed foods in food-insecure households and higher consumption of UPFs among food-secure individuals, as well as a negative association between UPF consumption and both mild and severe food insecurity, with reduced differences after adjustment, suggesting a possible homogenization of consumption across groups. Finally, Chapter III analyzed differences in the dietary carbon footprint (CF) according to food insecurity levels using POF 2017–2018 data, estimating CF based on emission coefficients associated with consumed foods. The findings indicated a negative association between food insecurity and dietary CF, particularly at moderate and severe levels, and a positive association among food-secure individuals, with higher CF observed among males, adults, individuals with higher education and income, those living in rural areas, and residents of the Central-West and Northern regions. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação; Disponibilização parcial por motivo de submissão de manuscrito científicos para revistas (sem data prevista para liberação)

2026-04-24T00:00:00Z OLIVEIRA, Elclésio Duarte de https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6977 2026-05-19T13:16:58Z 2026-04-23T00:00:00Z

Título: Gestão integrada em saúde do trabalho e meio ambiente: um estudo de caso com servidores do Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas da UFMA, Campus Dom Delgado, São Luís-Ma Autor: OLIVEIRA, Elclésio Duarte de Primeiro orientador: CASTRO, Antônio Carlos Leal de Abstract: Integrated management of occupational health and the environment is a fundamental strategy for promoting safe, healthy work environments aligned with the principles of sustainability, especially in higher education institutions. This study, developed at the Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET) of the Federal University of Maranhão, Dom Delgado Campus, systematically analyzes the interrelationships between working conditions, occupational health, and environmental management among teaching and technical-administrative staff. The research adopts a quantitative and descriptive approach, conducted through a case study, using document analysis, direct observation, interviews, and the application of a structured questionnaire, answered by 57 employees. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, emphasizing the participants' perception of working conditions, highlighting weaknesses related to ergonomics, physical infrastructure, availability of supplies, and the provision of actions aimed at well-being. The investigation also incorporated the identification, assessment, and classification of occupational risks based on a risk matrix, highlighting the presence of chemical, physical, ergonomic, and organizational hazards, with emphasis on the handling of flammable substances, inadequate furniture, and failures in laboratory procedures. Additionally, root cause analysis, using the Ishikawa Diagram, allowed for the identification of structural, operational, and managerial factors that contribute to the increase of risks in the work environment. The results highlight the need to strengthen institutional health and safety policies and practices, including the adoption of an Integrated Management System (IMS) based on ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and ISO 45001 standards, aiming to improve processes, minimize risks, and consolidate a preventive organizational culture. The results obtained so far suggest that the integration between environmental management and worker health has significant potential to positively transform working conditions, increase institutional efficiency, and promote safer, more sustainable, and productive academic environments. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-04-23T00:00:00Z PINHEIRO, Déborah Belo Paz https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6863 2026-03-24T14:15:47Z 2023-12-27T00:00:00Z

Título: Insegurança alimentar e nutricional de uma comunidade quilombola do município de Turiaçu, Maranhão Autor: PINHEIRO, Déborah Belo Paz Primeiro orientador: VARGA, István Van Deursen Abstract: The quilombola communities find themselves in a situation of social vulnerability due to cultural, political, geographic, and economic factors, resulting in a scenario of low income in the majority of these families. This indicates that residents in these communities may be susceptible to a higher prevalence of food and nutritional insecurity. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of (in)food and nutritional insecurity in families from a community in the municipality of Turiaçu, Maranhão. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the year 2023. The study included 40 heads of families of both genders. Participants answered a questionnaire with questions related to socioeconomic and demographic aspects; anthropometric data (weight, height, and waist circumference) and the Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity were collected. The data were analyzed using Stata® version 16, and the Fisher's Exact Test was performed. The study was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee under the opinion number 6,088,717. Of the interviewed family heads, 67.5% were female, 72.5% were aged 20 to 59 years, 100% self-declared as Black, 45% were single, and 7.5% had completed higher education. Regarding occupation, 40% were farmers, and in terms of income, 47.5% earned a minimum wage. Although 50% had a suitable Body Mass Index, a significant percentage had excess weight (40%). Regarding food and nutritional insecurity, 27.5% experienced severe food insecurity, and 30% experienced moderate food insecurity. It was observed that the majority experienced some level of food and nutritional insecurity. Therefore, it is essential to understand the specific needs of this population to expand the coverage of social policies and facilitate their access to fundamental rights. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2023-12-27T00:00:00Z SOUSA, Maíra Fernanda Veiga de https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6844 2026-03-16T17:26:05Z 2026-01-30T00:00:00Z

Título: ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE CRIANÇAS INDIGENAS MENORES DE 5 ANOS, DO DISTRITO SANITÁRIO ESPECIAL INDÍGENA, MARANHÃO, BRASIL Autor: SOUSA, Maíra Fernanda Veiga de Primeiro orientador: VARGA, István van Deursen Abstract: Nutritional status is recognized as a relevant health indicator. Its assessment is an essential step in studies involving children, as it allows monitoring their nutritional conditions and identifying possible deviations in growth and development from the expected pattern, whether due to illnesses or unfavorable social conditions. Indigenous health in Brazil is ensured through the Indigenous Health Care Subsystem (SASI-SUS), integrated into the Unified Health System (SUS) and operated by the Special Indigenous Health Districts (DSEIs), such as the DSEI Maranhão, which is responsible for the care of the Guajajara people. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze the nutritional status of Guajajara indigenous children under five years of age assisted at health centers of the DSEI Maranhão, between 2021 and 2023. This is a crosssectional, descriptive, observational, retrospective, and quantitative study, based on data from the Indigenous Health Care Information System (SIASI). The sample included 13,967 children aged 0 to 59 months, evaluated using weight-for-age and height-for-age indicators according to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Analyses were conducted in Stata 14.0 softwares, employing descriptive statistics, association tests, and Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results showed a prevalence of stunting of 37% and underweight of 8.3%, in addition to overweight in 2.6% of the children. Significant differences were observed by sex, health center, and year of attendance, highlighting intraethnic and temporal inequalities. It is concluded that monitoring the nutritional status of Guajajara children is essential to support intercultural public policies, strengthen the SASISUS, and promote indigenous food sovereignty. Instituição: Universidade Federal do Maranhão Tipo do documento: Dissertação

2026-01-30T00:00:00Z